Chapter 8: Weight Management and Eating Behaviors Section 1: Food and Your Body Weight

Learning Objective  IWBAT  Identify factors that influence the way I perceive food and why I choose certain foods to eat. I will then analyze how I can better monitor those influences to help me make appropriate food choices.

Do Now  In a paragraph, explain the differences between hunger and appetite. Then list some factors that can influence how you choose the foods you eat.

Key Terms 1. Hunger 2. Appetite 3. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) 4. Overweight 5. Obesity

Why Do You Eat  Hunger  The bodies physical response to the need for food  Trigger by signals in your body that tell you to eat  Appetite  Is a desire, rather than a need, to eat certain types of foods.  Can be triggered by many factors 1. Sight, Smell, Time of day, Time of Year, Mood, Friends

Why do You Eat  How does your body signal to you that you need fuel or that you are full?  These messages come from all parts of the body  Stomach growling  Lightheaded  Unable to Concentrate  Satiety  A feeling of being full  Sends a message to the body to stop eating

Why Do You Eat  What Foods Do You Choose?  The amount and type of food you choose to eat are affected by many factors. 1. The smell and taste 2. Mood 3. Family Traditions and ethnic background 4. Social occasions 5. Religious traditions 6. Health concerns 7. Advertising, cost, availability

Why Do You Eat  Food Serves a Purpose  Provides Energy  Provides vital nutrients  Is stored for later use  Food that has a mixture of carbs, proteins, and fats will keep you full and satisfied longer

BMR  What is Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)  Is the minimum amount of energy needed to keep you alive when you are in a rested, fasting state, such as just after you wake up in the morning. This includes keeping you breathing and blood circulation.  Everyone’s BMR is different and is dependent on different factors 1. Age 2. Gender 3. Size 4. Activity level

Balancing Your Energy Intake  When the amount of food energy you take in is equal to the amount of energy used then you are in energy balance.  Eating extra food energy will cause body fat storage  Eating less energy foods will cause weight loss  Overweight:  Is the term used to describe a person who is heavy for his or her height, usually have excess body fat.

Overweight and Obesity  Obesity:  Is the condition in which there is an excess of body fat for one’s weight.  A person is considered obese if they weigh more than 20 percent above his or her recommended weight range. 1. Occurs and is most common in developed countries, such as the United States.

Overweight and Obesity  Americans are more overweight than ever before.  60% of all Americans are overweight  30% are considered obese  14% of teenagers and children are overweight  Overall, physical inactivity and poor diet pose the greatest risk to health.  An overweight person who is active regularly is at lower risk than a person of correct weight who is not active.

What Can We Do?  How do we combat this growing epidemic? 1. Preplanning and goal setting 2. Exercise and a healthy diet 3. Avoid diets and make lifestyle changes 4. Stay away from unrealistic expectations 5. Weight management plans should be personalized

Exit Slip  Thinking about the term Basal metabolic rate. Explain in a short paragraph why you think people have different (BMRs).

Chapter 8: Weight Management and Eating Behaviors Section 3: Eating Disorders

Learning Objective

Do Now

Key Terms  Body Image  Anorexia nervosa  Bulimia nervosa  Binge eating/Bingening  Purging

What are Eating Disorders?  Eating disorders:  Are conditions that involve an unhealthy degree of concern about body weight and shape and that may lead to efforts to control weight by unhealthy means.  Ex:  Starving oneself  Overeating  Forcefully ridding the body of food by vomiting or using laxatives.

Body Image and Eating Disorders  Body Image:  How you see and feel about your appearance and how comfortable you are with your body.  Body Image is often influenced by mood, your environment, and your experiences.  Can also affect your eating habits.  Often do not see themselves as they really are  Distorted body image

Body Image and Eating Disorders  Culture and society often define what we think of as a perfect body.  Can often lead to unrealistic expectations  Healthy Body Image: 1. Means accept your body’s appearance and abilities. 2. Listen to your body 3. Appreciation and care for your body 4. Have realistic expectations and understand there are some uncontrollable factors and that body shape and weight change frequently.

Who Can Develop an Eating Disorder?  There are many factors that can contribute to the development of eating disorders.  Genetics  Culture  Personality  Emotions  Family  Some signs that you might have an eating disorder.  People at risk (Eating alone, overly critical about their body, thinking about food often, eating a lot of diet food, and constantly weighing oneself)

Dangers of Eating Disorders  Hair Loss  Dental problems  Broken blood vessels in the face and eye  Dry and scaly skin  Severe dehydration  Loss of menstrual period in females  Low bone density  Heart irregularities  Organ failure  Death

Common Eating Disorders  Anorexia nervosa  Is an eating disorder that involves self-starvation, a distorted body image, and low body weight.  Signs and symptoms (Pg. 205 Table 2)  Bulimia nervosa  Is an eating disorder in which an individual repeatedly eats large amounts of food and then uses behaviors such as vomiting or using laxatives  Signs and symptoms (Pg. 205 Table 2)

Common Eating Disorders  Binge eating disorder:  Involves frequent binge eating but no purging  Frequently undiagnosed  About one-quarter to a third of people that go to weight loss clinics might have this disorder  Disordered eating patterns:  Are not severe enough to be classified as a specific eating disorder  Can progressively lead to an eating disorder

Treatment  Psychological and nutritional counseling is the basic treatment. However, disorders like Anorexia and bulimia may require more therapy and additional treatments.  Medical treatment maybe required if there are sever physiological affects.  Therapy to separate eating from emotions and to promote eating in response to hunger and satiety  Counseling for love ones who maybe affected by the disorder as well.

Getting Help Community Resources  Individuals with eating disorders may be able to seek help from physicians, psychologists and nutritionists.  School Counselors  School Psychologist  Community Health Clinics  Individuals who have an eating disorder may not seek help because they might feel they do not have a problem.  It is important that a responsible adult knows about your fears if you suspect that someone you know might have an eating disorder. Can be a life or death situation.

Exit Slip  Read this scenario:  Your worried about your best friend. When he/she goes out to eat with you and your friends, she talks about food a lot, but all she ever orders is a diet soda. She has lost weight and seems tired and cold all the time. You tell him/her that she looks too thin, but she complains that she is fat. You suspect he/she may have an eating disorder.  In a paragraph or in bullet points talk about the steps you would take to help your friend. Think about the information and resources you learned from the reading