Acids / Bases / Salts Physical Science Mr. Rimple

Objectives Identify acids, bases and salts. Describe the properties of an acid and a base.acid base Define an indicator.indicator Draw, label and explain the pH scale.pH scale Use indicators to determine if an unknown is an acid, a base, or a salt.indicators Describe a neutralization reaction.neutralization reaction Complete neutralization reactions.

Acids PROTON DONOR  H + ion

Acids PROTON DONOR  H + ion  A. PROPERTIES OF ACIDS:  Sour taste  Litmus paper turns red  Reacts with metal to produce H gas  Contain H (most start with H)  Release H + ion in solution (forms H ) Back to objectives

Acids  B. STRONG ACIDS:STRONG ACIDS  Produce many H + ions  Good electrolytes

Acids  B. STRONG ACIDS:STRONG ACIDS  Produce many H + ions  Good electrolytes  C. WEAK ACIDS:WEAK ACIDS  Produce few H + ions  Poor electrolytes

Bases PROTON ACCEPTOR  OH - ion

Bases PROTON ACCEPTOR  OH - ion  A. PROPERTIES OF BASES:  Bitter taste  Litmus paper turns blue  Slippery to the touch  Dissolve fats, oils, and grease  Most contain OH (hydroxide)  Most produce OH - ion in solution Back to objectives

Bases  B. STRONG BASES:STRONG BASES  Produce many OH - ions  Good electrolytes

Bases  B. STRONG BASES:STRONG BASES  Produce many OH - ions  Good electrolytes  C. WEAK BASES:WEAK BASES  Produce few OH - ions  Poor electrolytes

Indicators Show a color change to identify an acid or base Types:  Litmus paper  Red – acid  Blue – base  Phenolphthalein (liquid)  Clear – acid, neutral  Pink – base

Indicators Show a color change to identify an acid or base Types:  pH paper  Colors represent numerical values on pH scalepH scale  Acid / base / neutral paper  Yellow – acid  Green – neutral  Purple – base Back to objectives

pH pH SCALE:  Range of numbers from 0 to 14  Indicates acid, base, and neutral along with strength

pH pH SCALE:  Range of numbers from 0 to 14  Indicates acid, base, and neutral along with strength Diagram:  acidbase strong weak strong neutral Back to objectives Back to indicators

Salts NEUTRALIZATION REACTIONS:  reaction between an acid and a base to form a salt and water acid + base ----->salt + water

Salts NEUTRALIZATION REACTIONS:  reaction between an acid and a base to form a salt and water acid + base ----->salt + water HCl + Na(OH) -----> NaCl + H(OH)

Salts NEUTRALIZATION REACTIONS:  reaction between an acid and a base to form a salt and water acid + base ----->salt+ water HCl + Na(OH) -----> NaCl + H(OH) H(NO3) + Na(OH) -----> Na(NO3) + H(OH) Back to objectives Back to start

Common Bases Back

Common Acids Back