Features of erosion and deposition associated with glaciated landscapes Moving Ice

The Ice Age… One third of the Earth was covered with ice. The last Ice Age ended about 10 000 years ago . One third of the Earth was covered with ice.

Glaciers- masses of ice that cover the land and move slowly downhill Glaciation is changes caused to a landscape by the action (movement) of glaciers.

Glaciers have enormous power, therefore they can erode valleys. Glaciers also carry a load of loose rocks and stones. Moving ice can also cause interlocking spurs.  BUT over time a V-shaped valley turns into a U-shaped valley. Spurs get eroded into truncated or shortened spurs.

Glacial Erosion Glacial Erosion.mp4

Glacial erosion results in valleys

Over time the valley gets ‘scooped out’ = U-shaped valleys

U-shaped valleys Formed by the powerful erosive action of glaciers. It removes large masses of material from the valley sides.

Hanging valleys After the glacier melts former river valleys remain high above the main valley. These are called hanging valleys.

Moraines Glaciers pick up large amount of material or moraine.

Moraine is given different names according to where it is deposited Lateral moraines  when glaciers carry moraines and they erode valley sides. Medial moraines  erosion of the middle of the valley. End moraines  If moraines are carried no further and are deposited

Glacial striations On page 57 in your textbook you will see a picture of glacial striations in the Northern Cape. Striations (scratched lines) are scratch marks made on the rock surface by the moving glacier.

Video Glaciers and Glacial Landforms.mp4