Features of the Ocean Floor. What do you know about the ocean? Sand Water Waves Life.

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Presentation transcript:

Features of the Ocean Floor

What do you know about the ocean? Sand Water Waves Life

Ocean Floor Features Land Continental Shelf Passive Margin Active Margin Continental Slope Continental Slope Continental Rise Abyssal Plain Oceanic Trench Magma

Two Types of Continental Margins Passive Margin : (Pas-sive Mar-gin) Common in the Atlantic Ocean. Consists of continental shelves, continental slopes, and continental rises.

Active Margin: (Ac-tive Mar-gin) Common in the Pacific Ocean. Consists of continental shelves, continental slopes, and ocean or submarine trenches. Narrow continental margins.

Vocabulary Continental Shelf : (Con-tin-en-tal Shelf) gently sloping submerged portion of the continental margin extending from the shoreline to the continental slope.

Vocabulary Continental Slope : (Con-tin-en-tal Slope) The steep gradient that leads to the deep-ocean floor and marks the seaward edge of the continental shelf.

Vocabulary Continental Rise (Con-tin-en-tal Rise) The gently sloping surface at the base of the continental slope. It may extend 100s of km into the deep-ocean basin.

Vocabulary Submarine Canyons: (Sub-mar-ine Can-yons) Deep V-shaped valleys cut into the continental shelf and continental slope.

Vocabulary Trenches : (Tren-ches) Located in the deep ocean basin are the deepest features on the earth’s surface. These are usually long and narrow.

Vocabulary Abyssal plains : (A-bys-sal plains) Extremely vast flat areas that lie deep in the ocean basins.

Different Parts of the Ocean

Two types of ocean environments 1. Benthic Zone : (Ben-thic Zone) Bottom of the ocean zone ranging from the deepest parts to the tidal affected areas.

Ocean Environments Benthic Zone : (Ben-thic Zone) Five bottom zones- intertidal, sublittoral, bathyal, abyssal, and hadal.

Benthic Zone Intertidal zone: (In-ter-ti-dal zone) Shallowest benthic zone, lies between the low-tide and high- tide lines.

Benthic Zone Sublittoral zone : (Sub-lit-tor-al zone) Located on the continental shelves.

Benthic Zone Bathyal zone: (Bath-yal zone) Begins at the continental slope and extends to a depth of 4,000 m.

Benthic Zone Abyssal zone: (A-bys-sal zone) There isn’t any light in this zone, depth is from 4,000-6,000 m.

Benthic Zone Hadal zone: (Ha-dal zone) Confined to the ocean trenches, which are deeper than 6,000 m.

Deep Ocean Sea Floor ure=player_embedded

Vocabulary Pelagic zone: (Pe-la-gic zone) This is known as the water environment and is broken into two zones, the neritic and oceanic zone.

Pelagic Zone Neritic zone: (Ne-ri-tic zone) This is located above the continental shelf. Abundant sunlight, moderate temperatures, relatively low pressure. Ideal for marine life.

Pelagic Zone Oceanic zone : (O-ce-a-nic zone) Extends into the deep and open ocean waters. Divided into four zones- epipelagic, mesopelagic, bathypelagic, and abyssopelagic

Pelagic Zone Epipelagic zone: (E-pi-pe-la-gic zone) Uppermost sea.

Pelagic Zone Mesopelagic zone : (Mes-o-pe-la-gic zone) Known as the twilight zone 200 m- 1,000 m Cold, increased water pressure, and dark.

Pelagic Zone

Bathypelagic zone: (Bath-y-pe-la-gic zone) Known as the midnight zone, could be as deep as 4,000 m. Extremely dark,very intense water pressure, and very cold. 1 % of all marine species live in this zone.

Pelagic Zone Abyssopelagic zone: (A-bys-so-pe-la-gic zone) Bottom zone, from 4,000 m to the sea floor. Mostly inhabitable, almost freezing temperatures, crushing pressures.