From The Divine Comedy Dante’s Inferno Canto 8 The City of Dis

Some Background Canto 8: covers some of Circle 5 and 6 Canto 8: covers some of Circle 5 and 6 Circle 5: the Wrathful ( enraged, strong anger, often with a desire for revenge, Encarta Dictionary: English; anger shown and used) and Sullen ( showing bad temper or hostility by a refusal to talk, behave socially, or cooperate cheerfully, Encarta Dictionary:English; anger kept inside) Circle 5: the Wrathful ( enraged, strong anger, often with a desire for revenge, Encarta Dictionary: English; anger shown and used) and Sullen ( showing bad temper or hostility by a refusal to talk, behave socially, or cooperate cheerfully, Encarta Dictionary:English; anger kept inside) Circle 6: Dis (same as Pluto, in Roman mythology, the region of the dead, Encarta Dictionary: English) Circle 6: Dis (same as Pluto, in Roman mythology, the region of the dead, Encarta Dictionary: English) Crossing from Upper Hell to Lower Hell Crossing from Upper Hell to Lower Hell

Setting the Scene Dante and Virgil stand at a swamp (the swamp is from Circle 5). Dante and Virgil stand at a swamp (the swamp is from Circle 5). A huge tower shadows the river Styx A huge tower shadows the river Styx Flames show from the tower as a sign Flames show from the tower as a sign Phlegyas: ferryman comes along to usher the to the City of Dis, the capital of Hell. Phlegyas: ferryman comes along to usher the to the City of Dis, the capital of Hell. Filippo Argenti floats up from the muddy swamp to converse. Filippo Argenti floats up from the muddy swamp to converse. Witness to the Harrowing of Hell. Witness to the Harrowing of Hell.

The players Phlegyas Phlegyas Mythological King of Boetia Mythological King of Boetia Ares’ son by Chryse, was killed by Apollo after Apollo seduced Phlegyas’ daughter Ares’ son by Chryse, was killed by Apollo after Apollo seduced Phlegyas’ daughter Chosen for this job because of his link between the wrathful and the Rebellious Angels who drove God crazy. Chosen for this job because of his link between the wrathful and the Rebellious Angels who drove God crazy.

Player 2 Filippo Argenti Filippo Argenti Member of the Adimari family Member of the Adimari family Filippo was of the Cavicciuoli branch of the Adimari family Filippo was of the Cavicciuoli branch of the Adimari family Possibly slapped Dante, took his possessions after exile and opposed his return to Florence. Possibly slapped Dante, took his possessions after exile and opposed his return to Florence. probably aligned with the Black Guelphs (supporters of the Pope) probably aligned with the Black Guelphs (supporters of the Pope) rich and powerful, although their ancestry was not aristocratic (Toynbee, P. Dictionary of Proper Names and Notable Matters in the Works of Dante. Oxford: Clarendon, pp ). rich and powerful, although their ancestry was not aristocratic (Toynbee, P. Dictionary of Proper Names and Notable Matters in the Works of Dante. Oxford: Clarendon, pp ). Torn apart by the other souls in the river Styx (Dante thinks this is great!) Torn apart by the other souls in the river Styx (Dante thinks this is great!)

From the myths of Hades the underworld, From the myths of Hades the underworld, In the Iliad, the river Styx is the only river of the underworld In the Iliad, the river Styx is the only river of the underworld in the Odyssey it is coupled with Cocytus and Pyriphlegethon, which flow into the chief river Acheron. The river Lethe made the shades of the underworld forget their former lives. in the Odyssey it is coupled with Cocytus and Pyriphlegethon, which flow into the chief river Acheron. The river Lethe made the shades of the underworld forget their former lives. But the river Styx was always the best known, and the most sacred. To the Gods, there was no oath more sacred than to swear by the river Styx. Some said the river was so foul that to drink of it brought instant death. Some said it bubbled with fire. Sinners are drowned. But the river Styx was always the best known, and the most sacred. To the Gods, there was no oath more sacred than to swear by the river Styx. Some said the river was so foul that to drink of it brought instant death. Some said it bubbled with fire. Sinners are drowned. The River Styx

The Rebellious Angels They literally "rained down from heaven" (Inf ). They literally "rained down from heaven" (Inf ). defend the city of Dis at the broken gate (lower hell) just as they once resisted Christ's arrival at the gate of hell. defend the city of Dis at the broken gate (lower hell) just as they once resisted Christ's arrival at the gate of hell. These angels joined Lucifer in his rebellion against God; cast out of heaven, they laid the foundation for evil in the world. Once beautiful, they are now--like all things infernal--transformed into monstrous demons. (ITS Liberal Arts Instructional Technology Services) These angels joined Lucifer in his rebellion against God; cast out of heaven, they laid the foundation for evil in the world. Once beautiful, they are now--like all things infernal--transformed into monstrous demons. (ITS Liberal Arts Instructional Technology Services)

People who belong People who belong Angelina Jolie Angelina Jolie Jennifer Anaston Jennifer Anaston

Quiz Time Why does Dante chose Phylegas to be the ferryman of the River Styx? Why does Dante chose Phylegas to be the ferryman of the River Styx? How does Dante know Filippo Argentini? How does Dante know Filippo Argentini? What do the Rebellious Angels guard? What do the Rebellious Angels guard? What is the City of Dis? What is the City of Dis? What is the punishment within the River Styx? What is the punishment within the River Styx?