The Cold War Unfolds Section 1

MAD (Mutually Assured Destruction) Explain what this comic represents

Two Sides Face Off  World War II devastated Europe and Japan.  The Soviet Union and the United States remained as the only __________. superpowers

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (1949)  A military alliance between several North Atlantic States to safeguard them from the presumed threat of the Soviet Union’s Communist bloc.

Warsaw Pact (1955) Mutual-defense alliance between the Soviet Union and seven satellites in Eastern Europe.

The Building the Iron Curtain Germany split into Eastern and Western regions. Berlin wall is created to prevent the migration of people from Communist East to Democratic West.

The Nuclear Arms Race  U.S. was the first nuclear power, but the Soviet Union created their own by  1953 – both sides develop hydrogen bombs.

The Nuclear Arms Race ’s  Britain, China, and France had become nuclear powers.  1968 – (NPT) Nuclear Non- Proliferation Treaty

The Nuclear Arms Race – 1970’s  SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks)  These agreements limited the use of missiles that could should down other missiles, or __________________________.  The control agreements were an attempt to create an era of relaxation of tensions during the 1970’s known as ____________. detente Anti-ballistic missiles (ABM)

The Nuclear Arms Race – 1980’s During the 1980’s, U.S. President ______________ launched a program to build a “Star Wars” missile defense system. Both sides signed Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty in Ronald Reagan

Cold War Goes Global  Both Sides continue to spread their ideologies.  The U.S. forms alliances with the creation of the Southeast-Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) and the Central Treaty Orgnaization (CENTO).  The Soviet Union forms the Soviet Bloc by creating alliances with African and Asian Countries.

SEATO Members of the SEATO alliance: United States, United Kingdom, France, Pakistan, Thailand, Phillipines, Australia and New Zealand

CENTO Members of CENTO: United Kingdon, Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Pakistan (with US support)

Soviet Bloc During the Cold War, the Eastern Bloc (or Soviet Bloc) comprised the following Central and Eastern European countries: Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary, East Germany, Poland, Albania (until the early 1960s, see below), the Soviet Union, and Czechoslovakia.

Cold War Heats Up  Each superpower had global reach and supported different sides of each conflict.  The wars sometimes erupted into “shooting wars.”  During conflicts in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, both sides would supply sides with weapons, training, and aid.

Cuba: Revolution In 1959 ________________ organized an armed rebellion against a corrupt dictator. In 1959 ________________ organized an armed rebellion against a corrupt dictator. Fidel Castro Sought the aid from the Soviet Union.Sought the aid from the Soviet Union. Land and businesses were put under government control.Land and businesses were put under government control. Political freedom was restrained.Political freedom was restrained. Hundreds of thousands fled to Florida.Hundreds of thousands fled to Florida.

Cuba: Bay of Pigs In 1961, president ______________ supported the invasion of attempt of Cuba by U.S. trained exiles. John F. Kennedy

Cuba: Missile Crisis  Cuba and the Soviet Union established an alliance.  In 1962, the United States learned that the Soviets were sending nuclear warheads to Cuba.

Cuba: Missile Crisis  The United States imposed a naval blockade.  After a week standoff the Soviets remove their missiles.

Essay Prompt Q: Do you think that it is necessary for countries to have nuclear weapons to protect their people, or would it be better for no countries to have them?

Soviet Union in the Cold War  In Soviet Union, the government controlled most aspects of public life.  Communism was the __________, or value system and beliefs. Ideology

The United States in the Cold War  Communist countries controlled their economies, the capitalist countries had free market economies.  America’s strategy was to keep Communism from spreading, this was known as ______________. containment

The Soviet Union in the Cold War  The next Soviet leader, _________________ held power through the 60’s and 70’s and punished his critics.  During this time period the Soviet Union saw the rise of resistance amongst some who opposed Communism. Leonid Brezhnev

The Soviet Union in the Cold War _____________________ publically denounced Stalin following his death, and took over as the Soviet leader in Nikita Khurshchev He closed prison camps and wanted to coexist with the West.

The United States in the Cold War The nuclear race left many Americans paranoid. The nuclear threat led American families to build fallout shelters. From the 1950’s to the 1970’s schools conducted air raid drills.

The United States in the Cold War The Cold War fear caused the “Red Scare.” Senator Joseph McCarthy creates McCarthyism through accusations. The HUAC (House Un-American Committee) sought to expose Communists in Hollywood.

Question 1 Superpowers John F. Kennedy Anti-ballistic Missiles (ABM) Ideology Ronald Reagan Nikita Khrushchev Détente Leonid Brezhnev Fidel Castro Containment This term is used to describe nations that are stronger than other nations.

Question 2 Superpowers John F. Kennedy Anti-ballistic Missiles (ABM) Ideology Ronald Reagan Nikita Khrushchev Détente Leonid Brezhnev Fidel Castro Containment The SALT (Strategic Arms Limitations Talks) agreements were called for nations to limit these.

Question 3 Superpowers John F. Kennedy Anti-ballistic Missiles (ABM) Ideology Ronald Reagan Nikita Khrushchev Détente Leonid Brezhnev Fidel Castro Containment This leader was known for launching the “Star Wars” missile defense program.

Question 4 Superpowers John F. Kennedy Anti-ballistic Missiles (ABM) Ideology Ronald Reagan Nikita Khrushchev Détente Leonid Brezhnev Fidel Castro Containment The was an era of relaxation of tensions during the 1970’s

Question 5 Superpowers John F. Kennedy Anti-ballistic Missiles (ABM) Ideology Ronald Reagan Nikita Khrushchev Détente Leonid Brezhnev Fidel Castro Containment This leader was known for organizing an armed rebellion against a corrupt dictator.

Question 6 Superpowers John F. Kennedy Anti-ballistic Missiles (ABM) Ideology Ronald Reagan Nikita Khrushchev Détente Leonid Brezhnev Fidel Castro Containment This Soviet leader publicly denounced Stalin’s abuse of power once he took office.

Question 7 Superpowers John F. Kennedy Anti-ballistic Missiles (ABM) Ideology Ronald Reagan Nikita Khrushchev Détente Leonid Brezhnev Fidel Castro Containment This political leader arrested and imprisoned his critics when he came to power.

Question 8 Superpowers John F. Kennedy Anti-ballistic Missiles (ABM) Ideology Ronald Reagan Nikita Khrushchev Détente Leonid Brezhnev Fidel Castro Containment This was the strategy used to keep communism within its existing boundaries and preventing it from spreading.

Question 9 Superpowers John F. Kennedy Anti-ballistic Missiles (ABM) Ideology Ronald Reagan Nikita Khrushchev Détente Leonid Brezhnev Fidel Castro Containment This leader supported the invasion attempt by U.S. trained exiles during the bay of Pigs.

Question 10 Superpowers John F. Kennedy Anti-ballistic Missiles (ABM) Ideology Ronald Reagan Nikita Khrushchev Détente Leonid Brezhnev Fidel Castro Containment This is a term used to describe a value system or set of beliefs.