The Urinary System Chapter 9 Medical Terminology

What Does the Urinary System Do for You? It’s a lot more that just Urine!! Maintain the proper balance of water, salt, electrolytes and acids in the body fluids by removing excess fluids or reabsorbing water as needed. Constantly filters blood to remove urea and other waste materials. Urea is from protein breakdown. Coverts waste products & excess fluids to urine for excretion. Plays a role in stimulating RBC production, regulating blood pressure

Renal Failure Renal is another word for “kidney” Means kidneys have stopped filtering waste products and excess fluid due to nephron damage. If artificial filtering is not done – a person will die. Common causes are diabetes and hypertension. Can be acute (sudden onset) or chronic (slow onset)

AV Fistula for Hemodialysis

Ok, It may not be a Kidney Stone after all!

What Causes Kidney Stones? Can occur due to infections, pregnancy Genetic disorders that cause problems with acidic urinary pH or too much oxalate (a salt) that crystallizes in urine. Having gastric bypass or chronic bowel inflammation also form oxalate stones Excess calcium either because of genetics, medications or metabolic disorders or excess uric acid usually due to metabolic disorder. Excess calcium due to genetics is probably ½ the persons who have a stone.

Lithotripsy

Lithotripsy - ESWL Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy

Stone Basket Extraction

Hydrocele

Hydrocele

UTI – Urinary Tract Infection Women have more problems with UTI than men because their urethra is only 1.5” and the male urethra is 8”long. Thus bacteria can more easily reach the female bladder to cause infection! Thus bacteria can more easily reach the female bladder to cause infection!

Incontinence – inability to control urination

Cystoscopy

IVP – Intravenous Pyelogram

Urinary Catheter (Foley)

Supra-Pubic Cath

Ileal Conduit

Abnormal Urethral Openings Epispadias – congenital abnormality in which the urethral opening is located on the dorsal (upper surface) of the penis or in the region of the clitoris Epispadias – congenital abnormality in which the urethral opening is located on the dorsal (upper surface) of the penis or in the region of the clitoris Hypospadias – underside of the penis or into the vagina Hypospadias – underside of the penis or into the vagina Paraspadias – on one side of the penis Paraspadias – on one side of the penis

Specialists Nephrologists – specialists in disorders of kidneys Nephrologists – specialists in disorders of kidneys Urologist – specialist in disorders of urinary system and male reproductive system Urologist – specialist in disorders of urinary system and male reproductive system

Other Terms Terms for elimination of urine include : Terms for elimination of urine include : VoidingVoiding MicturitionMicturition UrinationUrination