Creating a Republican Government To what extent were the American Revolution’s democratic and republican ideals inspired new experiments with different forms of government. Do Now: Adams, “Thoughts on Government”

Creating a Republican Government (part II) To what extent were the American Revolution’s democratic and republican ideals inspired new experiments with different forms of government? Do Now: What type of Republic is developing within the states following the American revolution? Activity: Articles of Confederation

The New State had governments with sweeping power given to the Legislature –Written sets of laws –weak executive and judicial branches –bill of rights –Annual elections “173 despots [in legislature] would surely be as oppressive as one.” PA’s controversial Constitution -All taxpaying men could vote -Unicameral legislature -No executive Adams response – “thoughts on govt.” focusing on three branches and separation of powers conservative backlash – NY SC granting property qualification for voting

1.What does this portrait of Judith Sargent Murray suggest to the viewer about her life and social status? 2.To what extent does Murray’s portrait represent American women in the 1790s, if at all?

Women in the postwar America 1.Postwar women wanted to end restrictive customs and laws. (property rights) 2. New Jersey some steps were made in favor of women 3.MA granted girls an equal right to an education

What to do with... Loyalists, Native Americans and Slaves # 100,000 loyalists lost their land and money during the war and sought compensation from the new government - loyalists property was seized and auctioned off, - in Urban areas, patriot merchants replaces Tories - the “new” republican minded Americans replaced the traditional elite # Native Americans were pushed more off the land as victory gave hope to the Yeoman farmer to acquire land # widespread emancipation was at a loss; while the southern slaveholding class lumped the fight for property rights to include slave property.

Creating a Republican Government (part III) To what extent were the Articles of Confederation success and or failure? Do Now: What makes a government successful? Activity: land ordinance and north west ordinance

EACH STATE RETAINS ITS SOVEREIGNTY, FREEDOM, AND INDEPENDENCE, AND EVERY POWER, JURISDICTION, AND RIGHT, WHICH IS NOT BY THIS CONFEDERATION EXPRESSLY DELEGATED TO THE UNITED STATES, IN CONGRESS ASSEMBLED.

Why was it hard to ratify the Articles? There were problems concerning the Articles, making states hesitant to ratify: –States (NY, VA )had huge tracts of land, which they can sell to pay off debts Land Ordinance of 1785 would eventually solidify this problems putting all western land under the control of the government Articles were ratified in 1781

How was the new government going to deal with the Western lands gained in 1785? The Northwest Ordinance 1787 would establish guidelines for turning the territory into new states; –granted limited self- government –developing territories – prohibited slavery –public education

A central government (unicameral legislature); each state given one vote with a majority needed to win The Government under the Articles to change the Articles, a unanimous vote was needed Congress had the power to wage war, make treaties, send diplomatic representatives and borrow money No Power to regulate commerce or to collect taxes

How did economic problems of the country emphasize the problems of the Articles? Foreign & Domestic: Europe country pay us no respect, The British and Spanish harass our boarders, Shay’s rebellion Virginia and Maryland arguing over fishing rights No order being granted by the state legislatures –And our congress is unwilling to impose order