CHAPTER 32 LESSON 3 Mariza Clayton Bethany Casper Jake Rosas Sean Guerra Camden Garca May 16, th period

Managing Resources Australia’s and New Zealand's remote geographic locations and challenging environments has impacted how people can earn a living The most significant economic activity is undoubtedly Agriculture. (Australia is the world’s largest producer of wool) Less than 5% of Australians work in rural areas but most of the country's huge land area dedicated to livestock. Due to dry climate, Australia has 10% of arable land for suitable for growing crops More than half of New Zealand’s land is used for Agriculture as well as grazing animals

MAnaging Resources ● While new plants and animals have aided the countries to evolve durable agricultural industries, harmful cases has influenced the region ● Australia’s native plants and animals has had to adapt to living in an isolated continent ● These plants and animals have competed against exotic plants and animals for food and shelter that originated from other places ● (Example)European Rabbits were brought to Australia for hunting purpose by 1926 approximately 10 billon rabbits in the country) ● These creatures spoiled these plants which made the soil vulnerable to the wind causing soil erosion leaving farms abandon

Managing Resources ● Exotic plants has caused problems ● Prickly pear introduced in the 1900s as a cochineal dye industry ● Introduced species have harmed native species also ● All species in new zealand are:Cats,dogs,native kiwi,weasels,ferrets, and rabbits

Human Impact ● Major problem is protection of Forest, soil,and freshwater resources ● Between 2000 and 2010, 74,000 acres of farms have turned into pastures ● Deforestation has increased risk of fire and floods ● Pasture still dominate in New Zealand ● Soil erosion has compounded by overgrazing in arid areas ● Australia and New Zealand are aware of the problems and are developing solutions

Human Impact Land use has significantly changed the physical and chemical nature of rivers in both countries This has caused many consequences Examples drought,salt,irrigation,runoff that has hurt the freshwater sources The Murray-Darling River Basin is one of the largest basins however its waters have dramastically gone down due to use of water for irrigation and growing population One of the major causes of increasing salinity has been replacement of native vegetation which has deep roots Deep root structures prevent rainfall from reaching deep underground causing salt to rise Salinity reduces plants and crumbles fondations fences and roads

Human Impact Pollution in the ocean that surrounds australia has coral reefs that are being polluted by chemical fertilization,toxic waste, oil shale mining. Scientists are trying to discover the cause of global warming and also are trying to find the consequences. Pollution has affected marine life due to the destruction of smaller organisms and according to the food chain the larger plants and animals will not have a reliable food source thus causing them to die. haha

Addressing the issues ● Australia and New Zealand are both facing tough environmental problems. ● Both countries are doing whatever they can to reduce the problems by reversing the damage. ● The Australian reacted by enforcing environmental laws and initiatives. ● They also created organizations and education programs. ● The Natural Heritage Trust was made in ● It’s mission was to help restore and conserve Australia’s environment and natural resources.

Addressing the issues Caring for our Countries’ projects help to protect and restore the habit of threatened animal species. Other projects to reverse the decline of Australia’s vegetation. They also want to control the introduction and spread of biodiversity and its issues. The Australian Government Envirofund is funding the projects at the local level. At the regional level, governmental programs give money to national resource management regions. At the national and state level, projects cover national priorities that cross local and regional boundaries.

Addressing the issues There are many nongovernmental organizations such as the WWF. They work to protect and conserve biodiversity by making practical solutions to the continent's greatest environmental threats. The environmental education action funds, supports, and promotes environmental education through the New Zealand In 1991 a Resource management act was passed this helped with soil erosion and reforestation. The national institute of water and atmospheric research has help with economic value and suitable management

bibliography Boehm, Richard G., and Jay McTighe. "Chapter 32 Lesson 3." World Geography. Columbus Ohio: McGraw Hill Education, Print.