Bellringer  Maize  Tribute  Quipu  Ch. 11 Sec. 3 Pgs

Essential Question  What were early civilizations in North and South America like?

Olmec  First known civilization in Mesoamerica, 1200 BC  Large cities centers for religious ceremony, contained pyramids and carved stone heads  Main St. “Avenue of the Dead,” lined with temples and palaces, dominated by the pyramid of the Sun

Olmec Carved Head

Mayans  Maya AD, central America and Mexico  Cities build around the central pyramid, shrine to gods.  Created a sophisticated style of writing  Spaniards destroyed civilization  Mayans recorded history and measured time in accurate calendars

Mayan Calendar

Aztec  Valley of Mexico, capital city Tenochititlan, ruled until Spanish conquered  Believed in many gods, an unending struggle between the forces of good and evil.  These forces had destroyed the world 4 times To delay 5 th creation, practiced human sacrifice

Aztec Sacrifices

Numbered Heads #1 (Green to Gold)  What did Olmec, Maya, and Aztec Civilizations have in common and what distinguished them from one another?

Inca Government  1300’s Inca was a small community in the mountains of Peru.  Pachacuti, the Incan ruler, took control for the entire region  Incan empire: From Ecuador to Amazon Basin, 12 million people  Built on war, all young men were required to serve in the army.  Empire divided into 4 quarters  Emperor was at the topm believed to be a direct descendent of the sun god

Inca Culture  Built thousands of miles of roads  Marriage and roles of women were highly regimented  Great builders and architectural geniuses  Had no writing system, kept records with a system of knotted string, quipu

Numbered Heads #2 (Gold to Green)  How was the Incan political system organized?

#3 Written Summarization  What were early civilizations in North and South America like?

Aztecs: Of Blood and Sacrifice