Woods and Processes Theory. Knowledge and Understanding.

Woods can be divided into TWO main categories softwood and hardwood. 1.Coniferous – cone bearing. 2.Thin needle-liked leaves and are evergreen. 3.Grow relatively quick, they reach maturity within 30 years. 4.Cheaper than hardwoods. Examples: Pine, Spruce,Fir, Redwood. 1.Hardwood trees are deciduous (lose there leaves annually) 2.Big, broad leaves. 3.Very slow growth can take 100 years to mature 4.More expensive. Examples: Elm,oak, ash, Maple, Cherry, Walnut, Apple, Mahogany, beech, teak, balsa. Wood theory. Softwood Facts. Hardwood Facts.

Relatively cheap Strong Lightweight Easy to shape with hand tools Can be oiled/varnished or painted. Softwood theory.

1.Attractive, very durable, strong, heavy material which can be oiled/varnished/waxed. 2.Commonly used in furniture and flooring.furniture Beech is classed as heavy, hard, strong, high in resistance to shock and highly suitable for steam bending. Good resistance to abrasive wear. Beech is easy to use with most hand and machine tools. It has good nailing and gluing properties and can be stained to a good finish. Widely used for furniture framing and carcass construction, flooring and engineering purposes. Hardwood theory.

MDF is a type of wood formed by broken down and powdered softwood, which is mixed with wax and resin. This is then formed by applying high temperatures to the MDF products to create the finish. It is cheap and has a good surface finish which can be painted to give a good effect. Plywood is a type of engineered board made from thin sheets of wood, called wood veneers. The layers are glued together, each with its grain at right angles to adjacent layers for greater strength and the grain on the outside surfaces runs in the same direction. The venners are joined under heat and pressure with strong glues. Its cheap comes in large sheets, it is resistance to cracking, shrinkage, twisting/warping, and its generally strong and it is made from scrap wood.engineered boardwoodwood veneers Man made woods are made from bits of scrap wood which is stuck together by man M edium D ensity F ibreboard Manufactured wood theory.

1. Wood is divided into two groups, they are: Wood theory test your self. Hardwood Softwood 2. Name two manufactured boards Plywood MDF 3. Name two hardwoods: Maple Cherry 4. Name two softwoods: Redwood Pine

5. Describe the key differences between hard and soft woods? Wood theory test your self. 1.Coniferous – cone bearing. 2.Thin needle-liked leaves and are evergreen. 3.Grow relatively quick, they reach maturity within 30 years. 4.Cheaper than hardwoods. 1.Hardwood trees are deciduous (lose there leaves annually) 2.Big, broad leaves. 3.Very slow growth can take 100 years to mature 4.More expensive. Softwood Facts. Hardwood Facts.

6. Describe any two of the following: Veneer, Plywood, Laminating Wood Theory. Veneer refers to thin slices of wood. A Natural Veneer is produced as a thin sheet of wood of the same thickness by peeling or slicing logs. One method has been illustrated bellow: The log is mounted centrally in the lathe and turned against a razor sharp blade, like unwinding a roll of paper. Veneer layers are usually glued and pressed onto panels of different materials, to make products such as; Kitchen worktops,unit doors and furniture How are they made? Where are they used. What are they ? Veneer Rotary Cut

Wood Theory. An answer to this is to use thin veneers that can be bent easily. These layers are glued together and placed in a jig or former. When the glue is set, the shape is removed from the jig and the veneers retain their shape. The chair bellow is an example. Laminating Why do we need laminating? Forming wood by bending can produce strong shapes, however it is difficult to bend thick pieces of wood. How are they made?

Wood Theory. strength. Plywood is made up of a number of layers of veneer, each layer glued with its grain at right angles to adjacent layers for strength. Plywood How are they made?