NUCLEIC ACIDS. Below is one of the molecules that makes up DNA. What functional groups do you see in the molecule: 1.Hydroxyl group 2.Carboxyl group 3.Amino.

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Presentation transcript:

NUCLEIC ACIDS

Below is one of the molecules that makes up DNA. What functional groups do you see in the molecule: 1.Hydroxyl group 2.Carboxyl group 3.Amino group 4.Phosphate group

Functions of DNA Control the processes of heredity by which cells and organisms reproduce proteins

Types of Nucleic Acids 1.DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid): double- stranded 2.RNA (ribonucleic acid): single- stranded

Nucleic Acid Structure The monomer units of DNA are known as nucleotides All nucleotides have three “parts” in common: a.Phosphate “backbone” b.Pentose sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) c.Nitrogen base (A = adenine, C= cystine G= guanine, T= thymine, U= uracil)

NUCLEOTIDE STRUCTURE 5 Carbon Sugar Deoxyribose (DNA) or Ribose (RNA) P group Nitrogen Base (A,T,C,G=DNA) (A,U,C,G=RNA)

If you link enough nucleotides together, the DNA molecule begins to take on the characteristic shape known as the Double Helix