1. Nucleotide Nucleic Acid DNA
Vocabulary for Today….
Nucleotide
Nucleic Acid
DNA

2. NUCLEOTIDES

3. Hereditary Information Controls Life Processes
Atoms of elements (C,H,O,P,N)
Nucleotides -3 parts:a.phosphate
b.sugar
c.nitrogen base
All these create HEREDITY
(Chemical instructions passed from parents to the offspring at reproduction)
Nucleic Acids - 2 types: a.RNA
b.DNA
Gene- sequence of DNA nucleotides on a chromosome that code for one characteristic
Chromosomes- long thread like group of genes found in the nucleus
Nucleus
Cell

4. Nucleotides
General Structure:
Nitrogen
Base
Sugar
Phosphate

5. Structure of Nucleotides:
A. Phosphate
Supplies “NRG” (energy) for:
Making Nucleic Acid (DNA & RNA) Molecules which create HEREDITY for the organism
Replication- making exact copies of Nucleic Acids
Protein Synthesis
B. Nitrogen Bases:
Adenine
Guanine
Thymine (DNA) or Uracil (RNA)
Cytosine

6. C. Sugars: 2 types Deoxyribose Ribose: 5-Carbon Sugar (Pentose)
Has one less Oxygen than ribose
Ribose:
5-Carbon Sugar (Pentose)
Has one more Oxygen than deoxyribose

7. Nucleotides are “Building Blocks” for the 2 types of Nucleic Acids
A. Deoxyribonucleotides
B. Ribonucleotides
- Make DNA: DeoxyriboNucleic Acid - Types of Nitrogen Bases:
Make RNA:
RiboNucleic Acid
- Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G)
Adenine (A)
Thymine (T)
- 2 Chemical differences between DNA and RNA are:
1. DNA has Deoxyribose sugar
2. DNA Has Thymine D R
- Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G)
Adenine (A)
Uracil (U)
1. RNA has Ribose sugar
2. RNA Has Uracil P NB NB P

8. Heredity is established by…
…The number and sequence of the nucleotides. This is how we get our genetic diversity.

9. Review! What are the building blocks for nucleic acids?
Nucleotides!
What are the 2 types of Nucleic Acids?
DNA & RNA
What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?
Phosphate
5-Carbon Sugar
(Deoxyribose or ribose)
Nitrogen Base