European Absolutism 1500s-1800s
1. Before Absolutism A. Medieval times-weak central governments B. Lords and Church officials stronger than kings
2. Definitions. A. Absolute Monarch: Ruler with complete authority over the government and lives off the people he or she governs.
3. Factors creating Absolutism A. Religious upheaval of Catholics, Protestants, and even Muslims B. Peasant revolts C. Economic instability
4. Characteristics of Absolute Monarchies A) Created centralization of power B) Ruled by divine right-as God’s chosen leader
C) Large buildings that represent power D) Large armies for protection
5. France – Louis XIV Ruled A) Called himself the Sun King Sun KingSun King B) Believed in divine right. “L’etat, c’est moi.” I am the state. Made French army the strongest in Europe France was the wealthiest country in Europe under Louis XIV Louis XIV spent huge amounts of money War of Spanish Succession
France – Louis XIV builds Palace of Versailles Expanded from a hunting lodge in C) Became the symbol to European monarchs of the wealth and power of the king of France. Seat of French government for nearly over 100 years. Its upkeep consumed as much as 25% of the income of France.
Louis XIV led France Louis XIV
France – Louis XIV Versailles Expanded from a hunting lodge in Became the symbol to European monarchs of the wealth and power of the king of France. Seat of French government for over 100 years. Its upkeep consumed as much as 25% of the income of France. Hall of Mirrors
The Sun King!!
Louis XIV
Louis XIV – Patron of the Arts
Palace of Versailles
Versailles – invited Nobility to come and live in Versailles
Palace of Versailles Gardens
View of the Palace of Versailles
Colonies multiplied for France
6. Russia – Peter the Great Ruled A) Goal was to westernize Russia. Forced powerful boyars to bow to his will. B) Built modern Western city for Russian capital – St. Petersburg. C) Studied Western technology. Worked in a shipyard Extended Russian territory – to Pacific Ocean. Begins ending Serdom 1700: Fought Sweden for control of Baltic. Gained several Baltic ports
Peter the Great-Russia Romanov dynasty that last until 1917 Visited West to get ideas about Russia D) Westernized Russia-forced haircuts Limited boyars power Expands Russian Army and Navy Fashion b4 Peter
Westernizing Russia Raised Women’s status by having them attend social gatherings Ordered the nobles to give up their traditional clothes for Western fashions Started Russia’s first newspaper and edited its first issue himself. Introduced Potatoes
Serfdom in Russia
Russia – Peter the Great From World History: Connections to Today Prentice Hall, 2003
Warm Water Port for Russia
Peter looking out at the Baltic Sea
Absolutism “For you know yourself that, though a thing be good and necessary our people will not do it unless forced to.” Peter the Great speaking to an official
7. Prussia – Frederick II Ruled A) Absolute ruler of Prussia (Germany) Absolute ruler of Prussia (Germany)Absolute ruler of Prussia (Germany) B) Had a military that became a nation Attacked Austria, sparking the War of Austrian Succession Unified Prussia, part of the Holy Roman Empire, into one nation
Map of Prussia in Europe
Understanding The Age of Absolutism takes its name from a series of European monarchs who increased the power of their central governments
Frederick the Great Builds large army in Prussia Aggression against Austria (Maria Theresa) Involved in the Seven Years’ War (French and Indian War)
Quiz, Scientific Revolution, Absolutism, and English Civil War 1. Before the Scientific Revolution people relied on the _______ as their source of knowledge. 2. Who developed the Heliocentric Theory?
3. What was the Heliocentric theory?A) That the sun revolved around the earth, B) The planets revolved around the sun, C) That all the planets revolved around Earth 4. Who proved Copernicus’s theory through being a great Mathematician? A) Kepler, B) Garvey, C) Galileo, D) Francis Bacon
5. Who confirmed Copernicus’s heliocentric theory with the use of a telescope? 6. Which philosopher developed the Law of Gravity? A) Galileo, B)Newton, C) Copernicus, D) Garvey
7. Who developed the belief that the heart was main unit of pumping blood.
8. What theory does the following represent?
9. What does the following represent?
10. Before absolutism, the ________ held more power than the kings. 11. Which one was NOT a factor in the creation of Absolutism? A) Political stability, B)Peasant Revolts C) Political Instability, D) Religious Upheaval 12. The Palace of Versailles was a symbol of who’s power in France?
12. The Palace of Versailles was a symbol of who’s power ? A) Louis XIV, B) Peter the Great, C) Frederick the Great, D) James I 13. The Palace of Versailles was located in which country?
14. Who was the absolute monarch over this area?
15. Who established absolutism in Russia?. 16. Peter the Great incorporated many ideas from which part of the world? A)East, B) West, C)South, D) Asia
17. Who ruled the following area
18. Who was the absolute monarch of the following area?
19. James I and Charles I both wanted what type of rule? A) Democracy, B) Parliamentary, C) Absolutism 20. Where did James I and Charles I rule? A) France, B) Spain, C) England
21. James I and Charles I absolute rule lead to what war? 22. Charles I was ____________ at the end of the English Civil War. 23. Who led the Puritan army during the English Civil War? A) Charles II, B) James I, C) Oliver Cromwell
24. What was the time period referred to as when the people England put the Monarchy back in power? A) Restoration, B) English Civil War, C) Magna Carta, D) English Petition of Rights
22. Who invaded England during James II rule? A) Cromwell, B) William of Orange, C) Charles I, D) Louis XIV
23. Which is NOT an aspect of the English Bill of Rights? No suspending of Parliaments laws, B) Taxation without Parliaments consent, C) Freedom of speech for Parliament A) No suspending of Parliaments laws, B) Taxation without Parliaments consent, C) Freedom of speech for Parliament