 Above your beaker, put a title, “ My Solution’s Foldable”  Draw a liquid in your beaker, and label it as your solvent.  Draw a solute mixed within the solvent and label it solute.

 Write the definition for Solvation.  Solvation: t he process of surrounding solute particles with solvent particles to form a solution

15.2  An aqueous solution is water that contains dissolved substances  In a solution, the dissolving medium is the solvent  In a solution, the dissolved particles are the solute.

 A solvent dissolves the solute. The solute becomes dispersed in the solvent.  Solvents and solutes may be gases, liquids, or solids.  Solute particles can be atoms, ions, or molecules. 15.2

 What happens in the solution process?  As individual solute ions break away from the crystal, the negatively and positively charged ions become surrounded by solvent molecules, and the ionic crystal dissolves. 15.2

 r-and-salt-solutions r-and-salt-solutions  9MGQ 9MGQ

 A mixture in which the solute (substance getting mixed in) dissolves or disappears completely by the solvent.  Examples: sugar water, air, colored water ◦ Solute? ◦ Solvent?  Non-examples: sandy water, cereal in milk

 You will use the table that looks like the following. SolutionSoluteSolventNonexamples

 You will go around at the 10 stations and identify the solute and the solvent in each solution.  Three of them are NOT solutions. Write the name of the substance in the “Nonexamples” box if it is not a solution. HINT: There are 3 non-examples.

 Today’s catalyst is a wrap-up of yesterday’s ticket out the door. Do not start a new Catalyst sheet.  2/20/14  EQ: What is a solution?  Finish yesterday’s ticket out the door activity.

 You will use the table that looks like the following. SolutionSoluteSolventNonexamples Unsweetened teaTeaWaterChicken noodle soup Ocean water Coca cola 91% Rubbing alcoholWaterAlcohol Coffee Water KoolaidKoolaid mixWater 70% Hand sanitizerWaterAlcohol AirOther gasesNitrogen Salt WaterSaltWater

 Polar solvents such as water dissolve ionic compounds and polar compounds.  Nonpolar solvents such as gasoline dissolve nonpolar compounds. 15.2

 A substance must be able to completely dissolve another substance.  This can only occur if they are the same TYPE of substance.  What happens if you try to mix oil in water?

 Like dissolves like!  Polar dissolves polar.  Nonpolar dissolves nonpolar. Oil and water do not mix because oil is nonpolar and water is polar. 15.2

 Silently, write down on your foldable at least two examples each of mixtures that do mix (like dissolves like) and two examples in which substances do not mix with each other due to different polarities.  Then, when instructed, share your answers with a neighbor.

SolventSolutePolarity of Solute Water Set up the following table on a piece of notebook paper. We will use this for a mini-lab on polarity as your material wrap-up for today.

EQ: How is the rate of solubility affected by temperature, stirring, and surface area? WE WILL GO OVER THESE VERBALLY AT THE BELL FROM YESTERDAY’S MINILAB. DO NOT WRITE, BUT BE PREPARED TO SHARE.  1. Which substances were polar? Which substances were nonpolar?  2. Why can’t polar and nonpolar substances mix?

OBJECTIVE: Using the materials provided, create a lab that will test how temperature, stirring, and surface area (size of the particle) affects the rate of solubility. What to Include:  Write a procedure for each of the three factors. Be sure you are consistent in testing each factor. Ex. When you test temperature, use the same amount of solute for a hot temperature vs room temperature. When you test surface area, make sure the mass of each is the same.  Your data needs to be recorded in a table. This can include either observations or a time. You may create a separate table for each testing factor or make one big table. Write a conclusion paragraph relating your hypothesis to the data you attained from the lab. TURN IN ONE PAPER PER GROUP.

 You will be testing two different substances of solubility. ◦ How well a solid dissolves within a solvent. ◦ How well a gas dissolves within a solvent.  Temperature and Stirring (Agitation) ONLY  You do not have to set up your data table the same as the one below, but this is an example of how you could set it up. StirringNot Stirring HotColdRock Salt Table Salt Solute

Hot vs Cold of a Solid SoluteObservations Hot Cold Agitation of a SoluteTime (s) Stirred Not Stirred

 Materials that will yield best results for each category: ◦ Stirring/Not stirring: Use food coloring, gain data based upon time. ◦ Temperature: Use sugar as your solid solute, gain data based upon ability to dissolve (observation based) ◦ Surface area: Rock salt vs table salt…use a small amount or it will take a while to completely dissolve. Gain data based upon time.

 Conclusion:  How does temperature affect the solubility of a solid versus the solubility of a gas?  How does stirring affect the solubility of a solid versus the solubility of a solid?  How does surface area (size of the particle) affect solubility?  Why do you think fish like to live towards the bottom of the ocean rather than the top of ocean?