Oceanography Chapter “0” Tank Equipment/Setup “Preparing the model of the North Atlantic”

17State Agricultural Response Team Picture courtesy aquanic.org Raceway Net Pen Open Aquaculture Systems Basic Needs for Aquaculture

18State Agricultural Response Team Typical glass aquariums Larger fiberglass aquaculture system tanks Closed Aquaculture Systems Basic Needs for Aquaculture

19State Agricultural Response Team The most important production component for raising fish Parameters of importance: –Ammonia, nitrites, DO, temperature, pH, hardness, CO 2, turbidity, chlorine, heavy metals –Some fish have different tolerances Test kits –Watch expiration dates –Wash after each use and between tanks Reliable, safe supply source –Protected source –Unprotected source Fish Disease Environment Water Quality

20State Agricultural Response Team Effective in removing suspended solids Several methods and mediums available –Gravel and sand filters –Gravity and pressurized systems Water Quality Mechanical Filtration

Nitrosomonas Nitrobacter

21State Agricultural Response Team Primary function – nitrification of ammonia Several requirements for adequate function –Surface area for bacterial colonization –Oxygen –Time Size of biofilter determined by the amount of ammonia in the system and its efficiency Biological Filtration Water Quality

Emperor Box Power Filter Impellor- is a fan blade that draws water in Water flow Low Pressure inside box High Pressure outside box Bio-Wheel- turned slowly by spray bar and foster good nitrifying bacterial growth

Whisper Power Filter Filter bag (floss exterior) Whisper Bio-mesh

24State Agricultural Response Team Chemical –Commercial products available –Use with caution –Do not fix problem of inadequate biofilter Water Quality Chemical Filtration Tanks and filtration systems for Epcot Living Seas Aquarium We use Activated Carbon

Protein is a (chain of amino acids) and comes from: Excess food, fish slime, & chemical additives It takes up room instead of healthy bio-chemicals: like D.O. & essential minerals It must be “skimmed” out of water Protein is a (chain of amino acids) and comes from: Excess food, fish slime, & chemical additives It takes up room instead of healthy bio-chemicals: like D.O. & essential minerals It must be “skimmed” out of water Prism Protein Skimmer:

Prism- Protein Skimmer ? Chemical filtration performed with carbon cartridge The “O” Ring must be flat or leakage will occur

Flow knob turned parallel to skimmer = low Flow knob turned perpendicular to skimmer = high Tube attached to Right = Run Tube attached to Left only when “priming” skimmer but then must be switched to left

To clean collection cup 1 st turn knob parallel (let bubbles calm) 2 nd disconnect hose from right 3 rd place fingers on right platform 4 th grasp collection cup, gently twist clockwise while lifting 5 th make sure water level calm before leaving tank To clean collection cup 1 st turn knob parallel (let bubbles calm) 2 nd disconnect hose from right 3 rd place fingers on right platform 4 th grasp collection cup, gently twist clockwise while lifting 5 th make sure water level calm before leaving tank

Highlights and Cautions: Never tighten dark plastic bolt Never completely remove filter Always turn knob parallel to low Only remove cup for cleaning Hose right = run Hose left = prime Set knob speed so that bubbles pop at or below “O” ring In an emergency overflow unplug filter get teacher Highlights and Cautions: Never tighten dark plastic bolt Never completely remove filter Always turn knob parallel to low Only remove cup for cleaning Hose right = run Hose left = prime Set knob speed so that bubbles pop at or below “O” ring In an emergency overflow unplug filter get teacher

Titanium Grounding Probe/Plug

Bottle #1 10 drops (30 sec.) Bottle #2 10 drops (5 min.) 5 drops (5 min.) 5 drops (5 min.) Bottle #1 8 drops (30 sec.) Bottle #2 8 drops (5 min.) Fill vial to top 2 tablets (3-4 in.) ALWAYS RETURN CORRECT CAPS TO THE SPECIFIC TEST KIT BOTTLES

29State Agricultural Response Team Alternate emergency water source –Bottled water – may be missing necessary ions –Drinking water – must dechlorinate –No deionized or reverse osmosis (RO) water Test kit –Evaluate water quality parameters Diagnostic resource Supportive therapy Equipment –Thermometers, DO meter, refractometer, etc. Back-up power source –Generator or power equipment Oxygen –Primary or alternate oxygen supply Tools for Aquatic Animal Emergencies

38State Agricultural Response Team Defined as a method to slowly introduce fish to a new environment During this period, it is possible to perform therapeutic treatments Acclimation Facility Risk Management Acclimation table

42State Agricultural Response Team Primary methods –Drug overdose (MS-222, benzocaine) Expensive and impractical for large populations –CO 2 (compressed gas) and rotenone USDA uses for SVC depopulation More practical for large populations Secondary method is stunning followed by decapitation CO 2 euthanized koi Euthanasia of Aquatic Animals 1234 Facility Risk Management

43State Agricultural Response Team What do you notice? Sanitary Precautions Facility Risk Management

44State Agricultural Response Team Every tank has its own equipment… there is no sharing between tanks Sanitary Precautions Facility Risk Management What do you notice?

Specific gravity (spg): how many times as dense a mineral is compared to water Archimedes principle: mineral submerged, loss in weight/weight of displaced water Specific gravity= weight of sample in air weight of equal volume in air (loss of weight in H 2 0)