DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) A. DNA 1.Determines traits and codes for proteins 2.Found in nucleus of the cell Pg. 77

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) B. Structure 1.Shape = Double Helix 2.Subunit= Nucleotide (3 parts) a. Phosphate Group b. Sugar – Deoxyribose c. Nitrogen Base (A,T,C,G) Pg. 77

4 different bases = 4 different nucleotides C G A T

3. Twisted Ladder a. Sides = sugar and phosphate b. Rungs (steps) = bases Pg. 77

Nucleotide (Subunit) Hydrogen Bonds Base Pair Rule A – T G – C

History 1.Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins – X-ray picture of DNA Pg. 77

Proved DNA had a Helical Shape

2. Watson and Crick – Model of DNA WatsonCrick Pg. 77

3.Chargaff = base pair rule A with T G with C Ex. Strand 1- ATG GGC CTA Strand 2- Pg. 77 TAC CCG GAT

DNA Song We love DNA Made of Nucleotides Phosphate, Sugar, and a Base Bonded Down one Side Adenine and Thymine Make a Lovely Pair Cytosine without Guanine Would feel really bare

Pg. 76

DEOXYRIBOSE PHOSPHATE NITROGEN ADENINE GUANINE THYMINE CYTOSINE ADENINE GUANINE CYTOSINE URACIL

FRANKLIN WATSONCRICK RAILS RUNGS DIVIDES INTERPHASE THE SEQUENCE OF BASES

20 UAA UAG UGA AUG RIBOSOME NUCLEUS CYTOPLASM/ RIBOSOME 1

POINT SUBSTITUTION INSERTION DELETION NO 19.What is the name of the chemicals or radiation that can damage DNA and cause mutations ? MUTAGENS 20. What is the central dogma of biology? DNA CODES FOR RNA, WHICH GUIDES THE MAKING OF PROTEINS.