Microbes

 Microbe- a microscopic organism  Another word for microorganism  Usually unicellular  Many different shapes  Carry out life functions in a wide variety of ways  Live in every type of environment on Earth

There are many different types of microbes, including…

Bacteria  Defined as: Single-celled organisms that have no nucleus.

 Living  Unicellular  Multiple shapes  Some are harmful & cause disease  Some are helpful & cure disease and break down decaying material 5 Basic Characteristics Bacteria

How it gets Energy  Some bacteria can make their own energy through photosynthesis  Some bacteria must gain energy through eating other organisms (cellular respiration) 6 Bacteria

Spread  How does this organism infect other organisms?  Contaminated foods, contaminates soil, contaminated water, contact with other organisms, etc. 7 Bacteria

Examples  Strep Throat  Staph Infection  Food Poisoning 8 Bacteria Treatment of Disease  Antibiotics

Prevention of Disease  Proper hand washing & hygiene, proper handling of food, cover your mouth when you cough, etc.  Any other? 9 Bacteria

10 Different Shapes Means: Spherical Bacteria Examples:  Strep  Pneumonia  Staph  MRSA

11 Different Shapes Means: Rod-Like Bacteria Examples:  E-Coli  Yogurt  Diphtheria  Tetanus  Tuberculosis  Leprosy

12 Different Shapes Means: Spiral Bacteria Examples:  Cholera

13 Different Shapes Means: Corkscrew Bacteria Examples:  Lyme Disease

Fungi  Defined as: Any of a group of spore-producing organisms “feeding” on organic matter  Examples: yeast, molds, & mushrooms

 Living  Unicellular or Multicellular  Multiple shapes  Some are harmful & cause disease  Some are helpful & cure disease and break down decaying material 15 Basic Characteristics Fungi

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17 Energy  Feed on organic matter  Decomposition reaction for use in cellular respiration Fungi

Spread  How does this organism infect other organisms?  Enters the body in multiple ways: ingestion, inhalation, contaminated soil, etc.  For example: Aspergillus spores are breathed in and Fungal Meningitis is injected with steroid shots  Examples of diseases caused by fungi:  Thrush, ring worm, yeast infections, athlete’s foot, and eye, lung, skin, hair, and nail infections 18 Fungi

Examples  Athletes Food  Ring Worm  Mold  Yeast Infection 19 Fungi Treatment of Disease  Antifungal medications

Prevention of Disease  Clean skin injuries  Wear a mask and/or gloves when working in damp and dusty areas  Proper hygiene 20 Fungi

Virus  Defined as: Non-living substance that has to inject its genetic material into a living host cell in order to reproduce. Virus

 Non-Living  Unicellular  Much smaller than bacteria  Multiple shapes  Harmful & cause disease 22 Basic Characteristics Virus

Energy  Must “use” the host cell to obtain energy 23 Virus

Diseases  How does this organism infect other organisms?  A virus must infect the host cell to replicate  Viruses can enter the body through ingestion, inhalation, and injection  Examples of diseases caused by viruses:  AIDS, the common cold, the flu, herpes, chickenpox, H1N1, etc. 24 Virus

Examples  Influenza  AIDS  Common Cold  H1N1 25 Virus Treatment of Disease  Rest  Some antiviral medications are available  Prevention

Prevention of Disease  Hygiene, proper hand washing  Vaccinations 26 Virus

Parasites  Defined as: An organism that lives in or on another organism (its host) and benefits by depriving nutrients at the host's expense. Parasites

 Living  Unicellular or Multicellular  Multiple shapes  Harmful & cause disease 28 Basic Characteristics Parasitez

Basic Characteristics  Host cell: the cells of the host organism, much like a virus must infect the host cell to multiply 29 Parasites

Energy  Most “use” the host to obtain energy through cellular respiration  Some Protists obtain energy through photosynthesis 30 Parasites

Diseases  How does this organism infect other organisms?  Enters the body through contaminated food  Protozoa (single celled organisms) and helminthes (flatworms, roundworms, etc.)  Enters the body through vectors  Fleas, ticks, mosquiotos, etc.  Enters the body through contaminated food, soil, and water  Examples: fleas, ticks, tape worms, etc. 31 Parasites

Diseases Continued…  Diseases  Giardia infections, toxoplasmosis, malaria, infections, etc. 32 Parasites

Examples  Malaria  Ticks  Mistletoe 33 Parasites  Prescription medications to kill parasite and to treat the infections Treatment of Disease

Prevention of Disease  Proper hand washing and hygiene, proper filtration of water, proper handling of food, etc.  Preventative medications 34 Parasites