Course Book

Course Objective - The student will be able to describe various operating system concepts as they are applied to memory, process, file system and I/O device management - The student will be able to describe how the concepts covered in the course are implemented in some open source operating systems such as Linux. - The student will be able to design and implement the concepts covered in the course in either an existing open source operating system or an operating system simulation.

Course Objective - Understand the concepts that underlie Operating Systems (what is an Operating System, what it does how it is designed and constructed). - Discuss the algorithms and techniques used in Operating Systems (e.g. scheduling, synchronization, file system organization, virtual memory, etc.). - Dispel the impression that an Operating System is something special, and understand that the OS is a software system sharing many common characteristics with the other applications that we are more familiar with.

Grading There will be: Weekly home work assignments, that will make 20% of the final mark Two mid Term Exams, each worth 20% of the final mark. Final Exam which will make 40% of the final grade

Make-up Exam Policy Make-up examinations are given for medical and justified emergencies only. lf you miss an exam your grade for that exam will be zero. There will be no exceptions.

Class Policy 1. By registering in this class you are agree to abide by the following Class Policy and the TU Statement of Principles on Academic Integrity. 2. Keeping your cell phone ON, talking to each other, distracting other students and reading newspaper will not be tolerated. Violators will be asked to leave the classroom. You cannot use cell phone and internet enabled electronics devices during the exam as a calculator.

Class Policy, Cont.. 3. Submitting photocopy or hand copy of someone else's work (including but not limited to your friends work, text book solutions manual, or from cheat sites on the web) as your own will get you the grade of ZERO for that work. If this behavior iS repeated, the offender will receive the grade of "F" for the class and disciplinary action will be taken at the university level. The first infraction will be reported to the university in writing. A student need not be caught during the examination to be charged with cheating. If we believe that the submitted work is not original, he/she can be charged after the examination booklet is turned in by the student. By registering in this class you agree to these conditions.

Tabuk University Statement of Principles on Academic Integrity "The university has a responsibility to promote academic honesty and integrity and to develop procedures to deal effectively with instances of academic dishonesty. Students are responsible for the honest completion and representation of their work, for the appropriate citation of sources, and for respect for others' academic endeavors. By placing their name on academic work, students certify the originality of all work not otherwise identified by appropriate acknowledgments. "

Course begins here.. Get Set, Ready.. Go

What is an Operating System? A software layer that provides two services to a computer system: Abstraction –Hides details of different hardware configuration –Applications do not need to be tailored for each possible device that might be present on a system Arbitration –Manages access to shared hardware resources –Enables multiple applications to share the same hardware simultaneously

Computer System Components HardwareSoftwareUser

Central Processing Unit (CPU) Executes program instructions Multiple CPU cores execute instructions in parallel Memory Hierarchy of different memory speeds Fastest memory attached to CPU Registers Cache Random Access Memory (RAM) –slower Persistent Memory (disk) – slowest

Input/output (I/O) Devices Keyboard Mouse Network Interface Card (NIC) Screen Printer Others… Power and System Management – to some degree Power Supply Internal Cooling (managed fans, etc.)

Hardware devices manufactured by different manufacturers Require different level instructions to operate Have different capabilities If a common interface didn’t exist… Variety of hardware might be limited Every application would have to be programmed to use all required devices Example: 1990s – era computer games that required internal programming for video and sound cards

Hardware shared by multiple applications simultaneously OS ensures that all applications can access resources Divides CPU core time among different programs Manages access to RAM, I/O, and disk Enforces system and security policies to isolate applications from each other (in an ideal world, at least)

1.Supporting both Intel and AMD processors 2.Switching between applications 3.Separating memory allocated to different applications 4.Enabling video conferencing software to use different camera devices 5.Accessing two different hard disks 6.Sending and receiving messages over a network