Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab ANT Overview Jae-hoon Woo

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab A Brief History of ANT Dynastream foot-pod – Nike watch Body worn Battery operated on both sides of the link 1 year of battery operation Inexpensive Wireless The Challenge 2032 coin cell battery can sustain 25uA / year 2.4GHz radio draws ~10mA Radio can be on for 0.25% of the time The Solution Create a protocol that efficiently controls the radio

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab A Brief History of ANT Dynastream incorporated in 1998 First product to Nike shipped in 2000 ANT developed with Suunto in 2004 First single chip released in 2005 Purchased by Garmin 2006 ANT+ alliance formed ST million units shipped TH million unit shipped 2009 Second Silicon Partner added millionth node shipped by Sept 2010

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab What is ANT ANT is an more light, more simple, more efficient wireless protocol that operates in the 2.4GHz frequency spectrum for ultra-low power networking applications

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab What is ANT ANT is an more light, more simple, more efficient wireless protocol that operates in the 2.4GHz frequency spectrum for ultra-low power networking applications

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab What is ANT ANT is an more light, more simple, more efficient wireless protocol that operates in the 2.4GHz frequency spectrum for ultra-low power networking applications ANT was designed specifically to enable communication between self powered devices in an extensible network environment

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab A silicon solution Delivered in chip form Ultra low power Several years life on coin cell Simple to implement ANT development tools ANT+ device profiles Scalable Supports advanced network topologies and ad hoc reconfiguration Proven 3 million nodes shipped to date 4 million forecast to ship in the next 12 months What is ANT

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab WHY 2.4GHz ? The Good … 2.4GHz is a license free ISM band worldwide The higher bandwidth means radio can be on for less time Not So Good … This frequency band is shared by other technologies Absorbed by the body

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab ANT is a communication protocol ANT+ is a managed network which enables interoperability between devices Together, they provide: Ultra low power wireless, High value at a low cost, Ease of development, Interoperability. What’s the difference between ANT and ANT+?

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab ANT+ is focused on driving success in personal wireless sensor networks in two related target markets: Sport and Fitness Wellness and Home Health Monitoring ANT+ Target Markets

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab Suunto Garmin Timex wahoo Sony Ericsson(Android) Smartphone + Dongle -> Fitness Device ANT+ Target Markets

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab How does ANT/ANT+ compare with other wireless protocols

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab Bluetooth Bluetooth classic compared with ANT/ANT+ is: 100 times larger protocol stack size 100 times greater power consumption 90%+ greater H/W cost How does ANT/ANT+ compare with other wireless protocols It is not designed for large WSNs.

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab How does ANT/ANT+ compare with other wireless protocols WSN parameterANT(with SensRcore) ZigBee Host resources required(kByte) 2100 Battery life3+ year4 to 6month Over-the-air transmission rate(kbit/s) Supported network topologies P2P, star, tree, mesh

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab How does ANT/ANT+ compare with other wireless protocols Zigbee Zigbee compared with ANT/ANT+ is: 20x - 40x larger protocol stack size (ZigBee’s protocol stack is less than a quarter the size of Bluetooth’s) 10x greater power consumption 60% greater H/W cost (ANT is at least an order of magnitude smaller than ZigBee)

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab What networking topologies does ANT support?

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab Independent - Self-managed - Ad-hoc - Adaptive Types - Bi-directional - Uni-directional - Shared - Etc … Messages - Broadcast - Acknowledged - Burst ANT Channel Master Slave

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab Consists of: – 2 nodes – Master endpoint (M) – Slave endpoint (S) – Nodes can have combinations of both ANT Channel

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab Master controls the channel Communication initiator Primary Transmitter Can change on open channel between messages RX window used for co-existence and receive Master Endpoint

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab Communication acceptor Slave searches for and synchronizes to the master Primary receiver Slave Endpoint

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab Ability of multiple independent channels to co- exist in a common RF environment ANT channels achieve co-existence in the time domain (TDMA) Co-Existence

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab Probability means channels likely not to collide Clocks not ideal Adaptive technology allows detection and correction Co-Existence

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab Three types of messages supported Broadcast Acknowledged Burst All messages fully bi-directional Data Messages

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab No acknowledgement Default for master endpoint The only message type supported on TX-only channels 8 bytes per message period Best suited for sensor applications where loss of data is not critical Most ANT+ sensors use Broadcast messages Broadcast

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab Message is acknowledged Fully bi-directional 8 bytes per message period Best suited for control applications where sender must know if data was received Parts of ANT-FS protocol use acknowledged messaging Acknowledged

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab Optimized to send bulk data Each packet re-tried up to 5 times Maximum data rate is 20kbps, depends on: - Serial port speed - RF interference 8 bytes of data per packet ANT-FS is heavily based on Burst messaging Burst

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab Multiple slaves synchronize to one master Addressed by first two bytes in data payload Can broadcast to all slaves using address 0 Can extend to auto-shared where each slave is assigned an address as its joining the network Excellent for large network where latency is not a priority Multi-cast channels

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab Network Keys Public Key All 0’s Open to every one Meant for development Private Key Most secure Managed by purchasing company Managed Key ANT+ Managed by Dynastream Unique but identical for all ANT+ devices

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab ANT-FS - File transfer protocol - Protocol extension of ANT - Authenticated/Seamless operation FIT - File format - Extensible and scalable - Forward and backwards compatible - End to end Some other definitions

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab C#.NET based Full source available Doesn’t crash ANTware II -Demo

Kyungpook National University, Real Time System Lab Contents: AT3 module X 2 AP2 module X 2 Battery board X 2 IO Board X 2 USB Stick X 2 CR2032 battery X 2 CD-ROM (discontinued) Quick Start Cards Development Kit