7 th Grade Life Science SOL Review SOL’s LS.2-14

SOL LS.2 Complete each statement about the cell theory. All cells come from _____________. Other cells Cells can carry out all of _____________. Life’s functions All _____________ are made of cells. Living things

What scientific instrument has led to the development of the cell theory? Microscope Identify the parts of the cell. Creates protein. Ribosomes Transports things throughout the cell. ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum)

Store food, water, and waste. Vacuoles Powerhouse of the cell; supplies energy. Mitochondria Control center of the cell. Nucleus

Jelly-like substance. Cytoplasm What two things are found only in plant cells? Chloroplast and Cell Wall Absorbs sunlight in plants? Chloroplast (Chlorophyll)

Protects plant cells? Cell Wall Protects plant and animal cells plus allows things to move in and out of the cell? Cell Membrane What can plant cells do that animal cells can’t? Make their own food

What process creates reproductive (sex) cells that carry half the genetic material of the parent? Meiosis What process creates new cells for growth and repair through cell division that are identical to the parent cell? Mitosis

What are the phases of the cell cycle? Interphase  Mitosis  Cytokinesis What are the steps in mitosis? Prophase  Metaphase  Anaphase  Telephase

SOL LS.3 Groups of cells create? Tissues Groups of tissues create? Organs Groups of organs create? Systems

What is an organism made of one cell called? Unicellular What is an organism made of more than one cell called? Multicellular

What is the passive transport of water molecules across a cell membrane called? Osmosis What is the passive transport of substances other than water molecules across a cell membrane called? Diffusion What is the ability of the cell membrane to block some substances, but allow others to pass into the cell? Selective Permeability

What is the hierarchy of living things? Domain  Kingdom  Phylum  Class  Order  Family  Genus  Species What is an organism’s genus and species called? Binomial Nomenclature What is a group of similar looking organisms that have the ability to reproduce called? Species

What domain contains single cell organisms that can survive in extreme conditions? Archaea What domain contains the kingdoms of Protista, Fungi, Animals, and Plants? Eukarya What domain is made up of microscopic organisms that recycle nutrients? Bacteria

Identify the animal group (phyla). Jellyfish, sea anemones, and corals cnidarians Clams, oysters, scallops, snails, and octopuses mollusks Segmented worms annelids

Insects, spiders, and crustaceans like lobsters and crabs anthropods Sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers echinoderms Fish, frogs, snakes, birds, bears, and humans chordates

Identify the plant group (phyla). Grows close to the ground, no true root system, no flowers Mosses Grows close to the ground, true root system, no flowers Ferns Grows tall, true root system, needles and cones Conifers Variable sizes, true root system, flowers, and often fruit Flowering plants

SOL LS.5 What is the process where plants create their own food? H 2 O + CO 2 + Sunlight  C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 Photosynthesis What source of energy is needed for photosynthesis? Sunlight What two resources are the reactants during photosynthesis? Water and Carbon Dioxide

What two resources are the products of photosynthesis? Glucose and Oxygen What do plants use glucose for? Food What chemical in chloroplast absorbs or traps sunlight? Chlorophyll

What process is the foundation of virtually all food webs? Photosynthesis What cellular process breaks down food molecule and releases energy? Cellular Respiration

SOL LS.6 Identify the Cycle Precipitation, Runoff, Evaporation, Condensation, Transpiration Water Cycle Animals release Carbon Dioxide Plants carry out Photosynthesis Oxygen Cycle Animals eat plants Animals die and produce waste products Decomposers recycle nutrients Nitrogen Cycle

Grass  Mouse  Snake  Hawk What is the Producer above? Grass What is the 1st Order Consumer above? Mouse What is the 2nd Order Consumer above? Snake What is the 3rd Order Consumer above? Hawk

What happens to the number of organisms and the amount of energy as you move through a food pyramid or food web? Decreases SOL LS.7 What are the five needs of all animals? Food, Water, Air, Shelter, and Space

What term describes animals that are fighting for the same need? Competition What term describes animals working together to meet a need? Cooperation What term describes organisms within a population that have specific jobs to ensure basic needs are met? (Bees and Ants) Social Hierarchy

What term describes an organisms need to establish a habitat in order to meet basic needs and obtain resources? Territorial Imperative (True/False) Too much of any of need can be as harmful as too little. True

SOL LS.8 Identify each as a producer, consumer, or decomposer. A grasshopper is a _____________. Consumer Wheat is a _____________. Producer A bacteria spore is a _____________. Decomposer

Contrast a predator and prey. Predator eats Prey Give an example of a predator – prey relationship. Wolf eats Rabbit Give an example of a producer – consumer relationship. Rabbit eats Grass

Identify each symbiotic relationship. One thing benefits while the other is harmed. (Tick on a Dog) Parasitism One thing benefits while the other isn’t affected. (Vultures feed on the scrapes left by a Lion) Commensalism Both things benefit. (Sharks are cleaned by a smaller fish) Mutualism

What is an animal’s role or job in life called? Niche SOL LS.9 What are the living organisms within a specific area and their physical environment called? Ecosystem What are the three main types of ecosystems? Land, Marine, and Freshwater

What are the large regions with ecological communities adapted to the climate and other conditions called? Biome What is an abiotic factor? Nonliving factor Give an example of an abiotic factor. Rock, water, climate, temperature

What is a biotic factor? Living factor Give an example of a biotic factor. Trees, animals, cells

What is the warmest biome? Desert What is the coldest biome? Tundra What biome gets the most rain? Rainforest What biome gets the least rain? Desert

What biome do the animals need to be able to run fast? Grassland What biome do animals and plants need to store water? Desert What biome do plants have very large leaves? Rainforest What biome is white fur an advantage? Tundra

What biome is being able to climb or fly important? Rainforest What biome would you find trees with needles and cones? Coniferous Forest (Taiga) What biome would you find oak and maple trees? Deciduous Forest

What biome are large feet an advantage? Tundra Are there more plants or animals in the grassland or rainforest? Why? Rainforest, more rain & stable climate What biome would you find corn and wheat growing? Grassland

SOL LS.10 & LS.11 What terms describes a plant either growing towards or away from light? Phototropism What term describes an animal that lowers its metabolism in order to deal with cold conditions? Hibernation What term describes a plants ability to suspend its metabolism in order to deal with adverse conditions? Dormancy

You’re a raccoon. What will happen to your population in each case below? If the size of the habitat increases? Population increases If the size of the habitat decreases? Population decreases If the number of wolves decrease? Population increases

If the number of wolves increase? Population decreases If the food supply decreases? Population decreases If the food supply increase? Population increases

If the number of squirrel (competition) increase? Population decreases If the number of squirrel (competition) decrease? Population increases

What is the addition of excess nutrients to an ecosystem called? Eutrophication What can permanently alter a community and ecosystem? Major Climate Changes and Catastrophic Disasters (True/False) Actions by humans can have both a positive and negative effect on the health of an ecosystem and the population of a community. True

SOL LS.12 Your individual traits are called? Genes What creates DNA and contains all of your individual traits? Chromosomes What is your complete genetic code called? DNA What is the shape of DNA? Double Helix (Spiral Staircase)

What word describes the strong trait? Dominant What word describes the weak trait? Recessive What is trait that actually shows called? Phenotype What is the gene combination called? Genotype

What is the name of the chart that shows possible phenotypes and genotypes? Punnett Square Identify a characteristic you inherited. Eye color, Hair color, Nose shape Identify a characteristic determined by your environment. Personality, Intelligence, Language Skills

Who is the Father of Genetics? Gregory Mendel Who discovered DNA? Rosalind Franklin Who created the double helix model of DNA? Watson and Crick What is it called when the genetic code is manipulated to obtain a desired product? Genetic Engineering

SOL LS.13 What are changes over time in order to survive? Adaptations What is the process where animals select mates with traits best suited for survival? Natural Selection What are inheritable changes to an organism’s genetic code? Mutations

What term describes when a species completely dies out? Extinction What does the fossil record, genetic information, distribution of organisms, and similarities among species show? Evidence of Evolution