Ch 2, Sec 4: Exploring North America
Protestant Reformation Many Europeans broke away from the Catholic Church They did not believe in Catholic teaching Martin Luther posted his 95 Thesis in protest Started the Lutheran Church
England turns against the Catholic Church King Henry VIII wanted a divorce Pope would not give him one English Parliament: – voted to give the king his divorce – made him the head of the Church of England
New Faiths In North America Catholics and Protestants fought over lands in North America Each wanted to convert natives to their faith Catholics-settled in SW and SE U.S. Protestants-settled in NE and E coast of U.S.
Reasons to establish colonies in North America Religious freedom Gain wealth Saw the money coming in from the New World by Spain from Mexico/Peru National Pride
Mercantilism The idea that a nation’s power was based on how wealthy it was The more gold/silver you had, the more powerful you were Caused conflict between European nations Drove Europeans to want to create new colonies in the Americas
Columbian Exchange Affects Mercantilism Exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and people between the Old World to the New World Exchange of goods led business men to want more money which spread mercantilism even more
New Countries To The Americas Treaty of Tordesillas was only between Spain and Portugal England, France, and the Netherlands wanted colonies in the Americas New countries also wanted to find the Northwest Passage-direct water route to Asia
John Cabot Explored for England Wanted to find the NW Passage Discovered Newfoundland-England’s first claim in the New World
Giovanni de Verrazano Explored for France Found land in North America from Nova Scotia to the Carolinas Set up colonies for trade
Jacques Cartier French explorer Wanted to find the NW Passage Created settlements in present day Canada Founded the city of Montreal
Henry Hudson Explored for the Netherlands down the Hudson River (named after him) Hired by England to find the NW Passage and found Hudson Bay (named after him) – Crew rebelled-put into a boat and never seen again
French ideas in the New World Did not want to establish colonies Only wanted to trade fish/furs (beavers) Created settlements in Quebec, Canada under Samuel de Champlain for the fur trade Fur traders were called coureurs de bois (runners of the woods)
Dutch Settlements 30 families sent by Dutch West India Company to the New World Created a settlements in present day New York, New Jersey, and Philadelphia New Amsterdam: – Capital city (Present day NYC) – Land was bought from the Manhates (honored by calling part of NYC-Manhattan)