Cloning

Definition of Cloning  The process of making a clone,

Methods of Plant Cloning Asexual reproduction to plants to produce duplicates from one plant specimen

Procedures of Animal Cloning Nuclear Transfer (Adult DNA cloning) : DNA from an egg is and with the DNA from a cell removed from an adult animal. Artificial Twinning (Embryo cloning) : One or more cells are from a fertilized embryo and encouraged to into one or more duplicate embryos.

Nuclear Transfer Cloning - Steps  Unfertilized Eggs Collected from a donor, and nuclei removed  From 2 nd Animal removed a sample cell.  Nuclei from sample cell is transplanted into the egg cell.  Resulting cell is cultured and a few began to divide.  These early embryos implanted into a surrogate mother.

Nuclear Transfer

Nuclear Transfer: Dolly The Sheep

Application of Cloning Technology Produce many crop at short times Relive the Produce high quality Help the sterile couples Replace the chemical reaction

Important incident of Animal Cloning  1952 : Frog ( Artificial Twinning)  1997 : Sheep (Nuclear Transfer)- Dolly  1998 : Cow (Nuclear Transfer)-Elsie  2002 : Cat (Nuclear Transfer)-Copy Cat  2004 : Human embryo (Nuclear Transfer)  2005 : Dog (Nuclear Transfer)-Heidi Ledford

Photo of Cloning animals Annie Copy Cat Dolly Heidi Ledford

Photo of Cloning animals Idaho Gem Megan and Morag Tetra Xena Promotea

Cloning of endangered animal  Noah the Gaur, an endangered species in 2000  Organization: Advanced Cell Technology, USA Photo from Advanced Cell Technology (

Cloning of endangered animal  Cloning of woolly Mammoth  Extinct 10,000 years ago From Mingpao 8/8/2003

Cloning of transgenic animal  Cloning of a cow containing mad cow disease resistant gene  In Shangdong, China From Mingpao 28/4/2006

Concerns in animal cloning  Technology complicated   Overweighing of calves at birth   Breeders may want to

Dolly gave birth to a female lamb in 1998, but Dolly later died of premature aging in 2003.

Health of clones From Ming Pao 27-Mar-2001

Company for cloning pets  Genetic Savings & Clone – established in 2000, produced the cloned cat, CC in 2001  Delivered the first commercially cloned cat, Little Nicky in 2004 for US$50,000  Company closed in 2006  A new company BioArts International was established for cloning dogs