EU peníze středním školám Název vzdělávacího materiálu: The United Kingdom Číslo vzdělávacího materiálu: AJ1-14 Šablona: II/2 Inovace a zkvalitnění výuky cizích jazyků na středních školách. Název sady vzdělávacích materiálů:Materiály pro přípravu k maturitě Autor: Mgr. Michala Nyklesová Datum vytvoření: Garant (kontrola):Mgr. Jarmila Jurečková Ročník: oktáva, 4. ročník, septima, sexta Vzdělávací oblast: Jazyk a jazyková komunikace Vzdělávací obor: Anglický jazyk Metodika/anotace:Powerpointová prezentace - maturitní téma The United Kingdom - slovní zásoba a fráze, informace. Časový rozvrh:40 minut Zdroje: ( Možné uvést v závěru) viz. poslední slide Gymnázium Františka Křižíka a základní škola, s.r.o.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Basic facts Known as the United Kingdom (UK) or simply Britain Located off the north-western coast of continental Europe, the country occupies the major part of the British Isles archipelago It has an estimated population of nearly 64 mil. inhabitants, the capital city is London God save the queen“ The national anthem is „God save the queen“ The official language is English but also Irish, Welsh, Scots languages are recognized pound sterling The currency is pound sterling (100 pence) There are many British Overseas Territories (Gibraltar, the Falklands, Bermuda, Cayman Islands) and Crown Dependencies (Channel Islands, Isle of Man)

Names TheBritish Isles (1) The British Isles (1) consist of Great Britain, the island of Ireland, and several other smaller islands (the Isle of Man etc.) The United Kingdom (2) The United Kingdom (2) is a country that includes England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Great Britain (3) Great Britain (3) is the largest island of the archipelago that consists of three countries: England, Scotland and Wales. England (4) England (4)is just a part of the island of Great Britain

Geography the Hebrides, the Orkneys The country includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands (the Hebrides, the Orkneys). English Channel The UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea in the east, the English Channel in the south and the Irish Sea in the west. SnowdoniaNPHighlands, Ben Nevis The countryside is varied with the highest mountains in Wales (Snowdonia NP) and Scotland (Highlands, Ben Nevis 1,343m). The eastern and southern parts of England are lower and high ground is referred to as hills, downs or heights the Severn the Thames The longest river is the Severn (rises in Wales), the Thames, which flows through London, is the second longest. lochs, Loch Ness Lake District There are many glacial lakes in Scotland (lochs, Loch Ness) and in the Lake District in northern England The countryside is very green as there are many fields and pastures is temperate maritime The climate is temperate maritime. Winters are milder than they would normally be because of the warming effect of the The Gulf Stream.

Geography

Lake District Cliffs of Dover Ben NevisHighlands

The flag The British flag known as the Union Jack represents the three kingdoms of the UK: England and Wales (the red cross of St. George), Scotland (the diagonal white cross of St. Andrew) and Northern Ireland (the diagonal red cross of St Patrick). The crosses are on a blue background. The flag in its present form first appeared in 1801.

The flag

Political system Queen Elizabeth IIHead of the Protestant Church of England The UK is a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary democracy which means it has a parliament and a monarch. At the moment the monarch is Queen Elizabeth II. She is also the Head of the Protestant Church of England House of Commons House of Lords The parliament of the UK that meets in the Palace of Westminster has two houses - House of Commons (650 elected members of parliament = MPs) and House of Lords (appointed Lords = bishops, noblemen etc.) Prime Minister (David Cameron) Prime Minister (David Cameron) is the head of the government, usually the leader of the winning political party (Conservatives, Labour, Liberal Democrats). Some ministers form also the Cabinet

Political system Westminster Palace Queen´s Speech at House of Lords David CameronQueen Elizabeth II with her husband

Symbols Major sports - football, tennis, rugby, golf, boxing, rowing, polo and cricket - originated or were substantially developed in the UK and the states that preceded it (before). Football Premier League, Wimbledon Typical British meals are fish and chips, roastbeef with stew vegetables, pudding, sandwiches, marmite (a salty spread made from yeast) British cuisine has been influenced by immigrants (curry etc.) The British are tea-lovers, and they also like beer, cidre, whiskey, coffee.

Symbols Rowing at Oxford Fish and chips Polo Cooked English breakfast Scotch whiskey

Culture The UK is also famous for many fictitious characters such as the legendary Robin Hood and King Arthur, the spy James Bond (by Ian Fleming, the detective Sherlock Holmes (by A.C.Doyle) and the boy wizard Harry Potter Other great writers were W. Shakespeare, Ch. Dickens, A. Christie, J.R.R. Tolkien Various styles of music are popular in the UK - pop, rock, punk, folk (The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, Spice Girls, Sex Pistols) The UK has had a considerable influence on the history of the cinema and media – Ch. Chaplin, A. Hitchcock, BBC

Culture Sherlock Holmes James Bond The Rolling StonesW. Shakespeare

England Shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west. Isles of ScillyIsle of Wight. The country also includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Wight. counties Divided into counties e.g.Buckinghamshire, Cambridgeshire, Devon, Dorset, Essex, Kent, Lincolnshire, Suffolk, West Sussex Saint Georgerose English patron saint is Saint George, the rose is the national flower of England (usually red) The capital is London, other large cities are Birmingham, Manchester, Liverpool, Leeds, Sheffield

England – landmarks London London – different architecture styles OxfordCambridge Oxford and Cambridge – the oldest universities Stonehenge Stonehenge - on Salisbury Plain, people began building it about 5,000 years ago Stratford/Avon- Stratford/Avon- Shakespeare´s birthplace WarwickWindsor Warwick and Windsor castle Bath Bath – Roman spa Hadrian´sWall Hadrian´s Wall – a stone wall barrier built to separate the Romans and the Picts tribes in Scotland 2000 years ago LakeDistrictBrightonDover Lake District, Brighton, Dover

England – landmarks BrightonBeechy HeadStonehenge Bath Warwick Hadrian´s Wall

Wales Bordered by England to its east, the Irish Sea to its north and west, and the Bristol Channel to its south CymruWelsh Cymru is the Welsh name for Wales, the country is bilingual 1535–1542 The whole of Wales was annexed by England in Wales Acts 1535–1542 The country has retained a distinct cultural identity – Welsh language, at many international sporting events (FIFA World Cup, Rugby World Cup) Wales has its own national teams daffodil leek Welsh patron saint is Saint David, the daffodil and the leek (pórek) are also symbols of Wales

Wales - landmarks Cardiff The capital is Cardiff – Cardiff castle, Cardiff Bay, Millenium Stadium Snowdonia National Park Snowdonia National Park with the highest peak Snowdon Caernarfon Castle Caernarfon Castle – a medieval castle in Gwynedd TinternAbbey Menai Bridge Tintern Abbey, Menai Bridge, Second Severn Crossing, beaches, mountains

Wales - landmarks Caernafon Castle Tintern Abbey Second Severn CrossingLeek and daffodilMillenium Centre

Scotland Occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain, including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides The landscape is mountaineous – Highlands with the highest peak of the UK Ben Nevis. Numerous glacial lakes (lochs), rivers and firths (estuary, lowland nearby it) are typical for Scottish countryside Besides English, scottish Gaellic is also spoken The Kingdom of Scotland emerged as an independent sovereign state in the Middle Ages and continued to exist until 1707 when a single Kingdom of Great Britain was created Scotland has limited self-government within the UK as well as representation in the UK Parliament

Scotland The country's capital and second-largest city is Edinburgh, it is famous for Edinburgh castle and Edinburgh International Festival Glasgow is Scotland´s largest city (industry, transport) The patron saint is Saint Andrew, the national floral emblem is a thistle (= bodlák) Tartan kilt Tartan is a textile pattern that often signifies a particular Scottish clan, a Scottish kilt (a thick skirt) is made of a tartan Traditional music instrument are bagpipes, fiddle (= violin), accordion, clarsach (= harp)

Scotland - landmarks Edinburgh Edinburgh TheHighlands The Highlands with Ben Nevis Loch Ness Loch Ness – famous for the Nessie monster Skara Brae Skara Brae is one of the best preserved Stone Age villages in Europe, located in the Orkneys Eilean Donan Eilean Donan is a small island in Loch Duich, connected to the mainland by a footbridge, the island is dominated by a picturesque medieval castle Melrose AbbeyFalkirk Wheel, the Isle of Skye, Firth of Forth Melrose Abbey, Falkirk Wheel, the Isle of Skye, Firth of Forth

Scotland - landmarks Firth of ForthFalkirk WheelSkara Brae Loch Ness Thistle Edinburgh

Northern Ireland It shares a border to the south and west with the Republic of Ireland. Northern Ireland was created in 1921, when Ireland was partitioned between Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland by an act of the British parliament. Problems between the loyalists (British, protestants) and the nationalists (Irish, catholics) resulted in the Troubles (violent conlicts in late 1960´s). The Good Friday Agreement in 1998 was a major step in the peace process. English, Irish and Ulster Scots are spoken there.

Northern Ireland Belfast The capital is Belfast Ulster Government and cultural organisations in Northern Ireland often use the word "Ulster" in their title; for example, the University of Ulster, BBC Radio Ulster etc. Belfast Giant´s Causeway Marble Arch Caves Popular landmarks are Belfast (castle, zoo), Giant´s Causeway (volcanic rock formations),Marble Arch Caves, beaches

Northern Ireland Dunluce CastleGiant´s Causeway Belfast Castle

Let´s speak! Can you describe some of famous sites in England? Why would you visit them? Have you ever visited The UK? Speak about your travel. What are your favourite places in the UK and why? Who are some famous people from the UK? What symbols/foods/drinks do you associate with the UK? Tell us something more specific about each of the four countries. Plan a week trip to the UK – use a map and speak about particular destinations

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