LecturePLUS Timberlake1 Chapter 9 Acids and Bases Acids and Bases

LecturePLUS Timberlake2 Learning Check AB1 Describe the solution in each of the following as: 1) acid 2) base or 3)neutral. A. ___soda B. ___soap C. ___coffee D. ___ wine E. ___ water F. ___ grapefruit

LecturePLUS Timberlake3 Solution AB1 Describe each solution as: 1) acid 2) base or 3) neutral. A. _1_ soda B. _2_ soap C. _1_ coffee D. _1_ wine E. _3_ water F. _1_ grapefruit

LecturePLUS Timberlake4 Arrhenius Acids and Bases Acids produce H + in aqueous solutions water HCl H + (aq) + Cl - (aq) Bases produce OH - in aqueous solutions water NaOH Na + (aq) + OH - (aq)

LecturePLUS Timberlake5 Acids þ Produce H + (as H 3 O + ) ions in water þ Taste sour þ Corrode metals þ React with bases to form salts and water

LecturePLUS Timberlake6 Some Common Acids HCl hydrochloric acid HNO 3 nitric acid H 3 PO 4 phosphor ic acid H 2 SO 4 sulfur ic acid CH 3 COOH acet ic acid

Naming Acids Type One: hydrochloric acid (HCl (aq) ) Use the “ide” ion from the periodic table!! Type Two: sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4(aq) ) Use the “ate” polyatomic ion!! Type Three: nitrous acid (HNO 2(aq) ) Use the “ite” polyatomic ion!! LecturePLUS Timberlake7

8 Learning Check Give the names of the following A. HBr (aq)1. bromic acid 2. bromous acid 3. hydrobromic acid B. H 2 CO 3 1. carbonic acid 2. hydrocarbonic acid 3. carbonous acid

LecturePLUS Timberlake9 Solution AB3 A. HBr3. hydrobromic acid The name of a nonoxy acid begins with the prefix hydro- and ends with -ic acid. In a nonoxy acid, the negative anion end in -ide. B. H 2 CO 3 1. carbonic acid The name of an oxyacid is named with the stem of the anion (carbonate) changed to -ic acid

LecturePLUS Timberlake10 Bases Produce OH - ions in water Taste bitter, chalky Are electrolytes Feel soapy, slippery React with acids to form salts and water

LecturePLUS Timberlake11 Naming of some Common Bases NaOHsodium hydroxide KOH potassium hydroxide Ba(OH) 2 _??_____________________ Mg(OH) 2 __??__________________ Al(OH) 3 aluminum hydroxide

LecturePLUS Timberlake12 Learning Check AB2 Identify each as characteristic of an A) acid or B) base ____ 1. Sour taste ____ 2. Produces OH - in aqueous solutions ____ 3. Chalky taste ____ 4. Is an electrolyte ____ 5. Produces H + in aqueous solutions

LecturePLUS Timberlake13 Solution AB2 Identify each as a characteristic of an A) acid or B) base _A_ 1. Sour taste _B_ 2. Produces OH - in aqueous solutions _B_ 3. Chalky taste A, B 4. Is an electrolyte _A_ 5. Produces H + in aqueous solutions

LecturePLUS Timberlake14 Learning Check AB4 Match the formulas with the names: A. ___ HNO 2 1) hydrochloric acid B. ___Ca(OH) 2 2) sulfuric acid C. ___H 2 SO 4 3) sodium hydroxide D. ___HCl4) nitrous acid E. ___NaOH5) calcium hydroxide

LecturePLUS Timberlake15 Solution AB4 Match the formulas with the names: A. _4__ HNO 2 1) hydrochloric acid B. _5__Ca(OH) 2 2) sulfuric acid C. _2__H 2 SO 4 3) sodium hydroxide D. _1__HCl4) nitrous acid E. _3__NaOH5) calcium hydroxide

LecturePLUS Timberlake16 Learning Check AB5 Acid, Base Name or Salt CaCl 2 _______________________ KOH_______________________ Ba(OH) 2 ______ _________________ HBr_______________________ H 2 SO 4 ________________________

LecturePLUS Timberlake17 Solution AB5 Acid, Base Name or Salt CaCl 2 saltcalcium chloride KOHbasepotassiuim hydroxide Ba(OH) 2 basebarium hydroxide HBracidhydrobromic acid H 2 SO 4 acidsulfuric acid