1. Chapter 19 Notes: Part I
Acids and Bases

2. What are some common acids?
Vinegar (acetic acid)
Carbonated drinks (carbonic and phosphoric acid)
Citrus fruits (citric acid)
Car battery (sulfuric acid)

3. What are some common bases?
Milk of magnesia (an antacid containing magnesium hydroxide)
Many cleaning products
Ammonia, NH3 (Windex)
Sodium hydroxide, NaOH (soap)
Sodium hypochlorite, NaClO (bleach)

4. What properties do acids have?
Acids tend to be:
Tart or sour tasting
Electrolytes (in solution)
React to certain metals to produce hydrogen gas
They can cause chemical dyes (called indicators) to change colors

5. What properties do bases have?
Bases tend to be:
Bitter tasting
Slippery feeling when touched
Able to neutralize an acid
Also electrolytes (in solution)

6. Some Acid and Bases

7. Some Acid and Bases

8. Some Acid and Bases

9. What is an acid?
An acid is a compound that produces hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.
The formula would be HaX, where X is any monatomic or polyatomic anion and a is the anion’s charge.

10. Naming an Acid When the name of the anion (X) ends in –ide,
the name begins with hydro-,
then the stem of the anion,
then the name ends with –ic acid instead of -ide.
ex) HCl is hydrochloric acid

11. Naming an Acid
When the name of the ion ends in –ate,
then the name would be the stem of the anion and the suffix –ic acid instead of-ate.
H2SO4 is sulfuric acid

12. Naming an Acid
When the name of the ion ends in –ite,
then the name would be the stem of the anion and the suffix –ous acid instead of –ite.
H2SO3 is sulfurous acid

13. Naming an Acid
Negative ion: Acid Name: _____ ide hydro___ic acid _____ ate _____ic acid _____ ite _____ous acid ex) H3P , H3PO4 , H3PO3

14. Acid Nomenclature Flowchart

15. What is a base?
A base is a compound that produces hydroxide (OH-) ions when in solution.
Bases are named the same way that an ionic compound would be named.
NaOH is Sodium Hydroxide

16. Name the following acids and bases:
HClO3
H3PO4 HF
HNO3
KOH
Ba(OH)2
H3PO3
chloric acid
phosphoric acid
hydrofluoric acid
nitric acid
potassium hydroxide
barium hydroxide
phosphorous acid

17. Write the formula for the following:
hydroiodic acid
calcium hydroxide
nitrous acid
ammonium hydroxide
nitric acid
hydrobromic acid
phosphoric acid HI
Ca(OH)2
HNO2
NH4OH
HNO3
HBr
H3PO4