The Cardiovascular System

Cardiovascular System  Function: transportation  Blood in the transport vehicle  Carries oxygen, nutrients, cell wastes, hormones and other substances

Anatomy of the Heart  Size of your fist  Weigh about a pound  Pointed bottom in the apex  Flatter top is the base

These are all transported by the circulatory system except… 1. Oxygen 2. Nutrients 3. Carbon 4. Wastes

Coverings  Pericardium- serous membrane –Visceral pericardium- part of heart wall, tight –Parietal pericardium, loose anchors heart  Myocardium- –thick muscles actually contracts  Endocardium –Thin, lines the chambers of the heart

Chambers  Atria –Receiving chambers –Fill with blood from veins –Send blood to ventricles

Myocardium could be considered to be part of which other system? 1. Respiratory 2. Excretory 3. Muscular 4. Integumentary

Chambers continued  Ventricles –Pumping chambers –Thick walls –Contract to push blood through arteries

Pulmonary Circuit Pump  Right atria and ventricle of the heart  Superior and inferior venae cavae bring back oxygen poor blood  Right ventricle sends oxygen poor blood to the lungs through pulmonary arteries

Ventricles push blood into… 1. Veins 2. Arteries 3. Venae Cavae 4. The Brain

Whole Body Circuit Pump  Left side atria and ventricle  Oxygen rich blood from lungs comes into LA and is moved to the LV  The LV then pumps the blood out the aorta to the rest of the body

Valves  Atrioventricular (AV) valves- prevents blood from back flowing into atriums –Bicuspid-left AV –Tricuspid- right AV  Relaxed when filling closed during contraction

What color would the blood be in the Left Atria? 1. Scarlett 2. Dull red 3. Black 4. Purple

Valves cont  Semilunar valves prevent backflow into ventricles –Pulmonary- right side –Aortic – left side

Cardiac Circulation  Coronary arteries –Provide oxygen and blood to the myocardium  Coronary veins –Bring back oxygen poor blood to the right atrium

On the the way out…  Pulmonary Artery- out of right ventricle  Aorta- out of left ventricle  Arteries- blood leaving the heart  Arterioles- small vessels carry blood away from the heart

At the tissue…  Capillaries –Network of tiny vessels in the tissue –Drop off oxygen and nutrients –Pick up waste products

On the way back…  Pulmonary vein- brings back blood from the lungs to the left atrium  Vena Cavae- brings back blood to right atrium from body  Veins- large vessels bringing blood back  Venule- small vessels ringing back blood

All blood returns to the heart through… 1. Arteries 2. Veins 3. Aortas 4. Capillaries