Ch. 27 Guided Reading – Section 4 BRITISH IMPERIALISM IN INDIA CAUSE: 1757 Led by Robert Clive, the British East Indian Co. (B.E.I. co.) defeats Mughal Empire @ Battle of Plassey EFFECT: -B.E.I.Co. ruled India w/little interference from British gov’t until 1800’s; -BEI Co. has its own army; B. officers and Sepoy soldiers (Indian soldiers)

Ch. 27 Guided Reading – Section 4 BRITISH IMPERIALISM IN INDIA 2. CAUSE: British establish a railroad network in India. EFFECTS: -Railroad transport of raw materials from interior to ports; manufactured goods transported from coast to interior. -RR helps to unify India & improve economy = PROFITS FOR BRITAIN!

Ch. 27 Guided Reading – Section 4 BRITISH IMPERIALISM IN INDIA 3. CAUSE: British restricted Indian owned industries such as cotton textiles and reduced food production in favor of CASH CROPS EFFECTS: - Villagers are no longer self-sufficient; - Food production declines and famine sets in.

Ch. 27 Guided Reading – Section 4 BRITISH IMPERIALISM IN INDIA 4. CAUSE: - The Sepoy Mutiny - cartridges for rifles rumored to be sealed with animal fat; refusal of sepoys to use leads to punishment and then rebellion EFFECTS: -1 year of violence -BEI Co. asks British gov’t for help -British gov’t takes complete control of India (“The Raj”) - Racism and mutual distrust increases

Ch. 27 Guided Reading – Section 4 BRITISH IMPERIALISM IN INDIA 5.CAUSES: Division between Hindus and Muslims prevents Indian unity against British Ram Mohun Roy calls for reform/modernization Indian Nationalist feelings grow!! EFFECTS: -Indian National Congress and later, the Muslim League are formed… -BOTH groups call for independence NATIONALISM

Ch. 27 Guided Reading – Section 4 BRITISH IMPERIALISM IN INDIA 6. CAUSE: - Britain partitions Bengal Region into two separate Hindu and Muslim sections. (PARTITION: separate; divide) EFFECT: -Resentment by Muslim and Hindu to British partition; -British change policy to redraw boundaries in favor of Indians’ wishes. *Shows Indians that UNITY works (Gandhi 1947)