Outline pages Outline pages British India

Outline I. Africa before Imperialism a. One fact II. Nations compete for overseas Empires a. One fact 1. The Congo sparks interest a. b. c.

Modern World History

INDIA HINDUISM Worship Animals Polytheistic SPICES COWS GEOGRAPHY

The British Empire Since the 1500’s, Great Britain (England) worked to expand their empire. The more lands under Britain’s control meant more materials it had and more products it could sell.

The British Empire

The British empire Great Britain had lands all over the world. A popular phrase that British people would say was, “The sun never sets on the British Empire.” But the crown jewel of the empire, the place that brought the most profit and wealth, was India.

British India In the 1600’s, the British East India Company set up trading posts in a few major Indian cities. In the mid 1700’s the Indian Mughal dynasty that ruled, collapsed. The East India Company took advantage and basically took over India with its own private army.

British India

In the 1800’s, the British government got more involved in security, government and regulating trade in India.

Benefits to the British India provided huge amounts of raw materials that could be sent to Britain. Britain’s factories could then manufacture goods from it. India’s 300 million people were also a large market for British goods.

Benefits for India Unfortunately, there were less benefits for the native Indians. Britain did not allow Indians to manufacture for themselves. They had to buy British goods only. The British did set up a railroad network, but it only transported British goods.

Sepoy Rebellion In 1857, Sepoys, which were Indian soldiers in the British army, rebelled. There were already feelings of resentment towards the British for their control and their poor treatment of the natives. The rebellion broke out over the lubricant on a rifle.

Sepoy Rebellion The British Enfield Rifle.

Sepoy rebellion Rumors spread that the cartridges for the Enfield rifle were lubricated with beef and pork fat. Soldiers had to bite the seal off of the cartridges before loading. Hindu Indians were offended because cows are sacred to their faith. Muslim Indians were offended because pork was considered a pollutant.

Sepoy Rebellion

Sepoys that refused to use the cartridges were jailed. The next day, the Sepoys rebelled. Fighting lasted for over a year. Finally, the East India Company regained control. After that, the British government was much more involved in controlling India.

Sepoy Rebellion

The Fate of rebellious Indians

India after the Rebellion The British now felt more disgust with the Indians. Their racist attitudes dominated Indian social life.

It is the consciousness of the inherent superiority of the European which has won for us India. However well-educated and clever a native may be, and however brave he may prove himself, I believe that no rank we can bestow on him would cause him to be considered an equal of the British officer. - LORD KITCHENER, British Commander of the army in India

Not until 1947 would India find independence and equality.

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