Chapter 18

Bell Ringer 9-8  Turn to page 533 in the blue textbook.  Read the instructions on the left side of the page.  Use the map to answer the questions at the bottom

Introduction  OZkgSXfM (455) OZkgSXfM

Vocab, people, places, & things 1. Lode ​ 2. Ore ​ 3. Vigilante ​ 4. ghost town ​ 5. subsidy ​ 6. transcontinental ​ 7. Open range ​ 8. Brand ​ 9. Vaquero ​ 10. homestead ​ 11. sodbuster ​ 12. dry farming ​ 13. nomadic ​ 14. reservation ​ 15. National Grange 16. Cooperative 17. Populist Part y 18. Free Silver ​ 1. Boomtowns (1) 2. Time Zones (1) 3. Cow towns (2) 4. Long Drive (2) 5. Stampede (2) 6. Chaps (2) 7. Lariats (2) 8. Homestead Act (2) 9. Crazy Horse (3) 10. Sitting Bull (3) 11. George Custer (3) 12. Geronimo (3) 13. Dawes Act (3) 14. Ghost Dance (3) 15. Wounded Knee (3) Look in the chapter for these (12)

The Mining Booms  As more settlers moved West, mining, ranching, and railroads soon transformed the western landscape. A mining boom brought growth to the West. The demand for cattle created a short-lived Cattle Kingdom on the Great Plains.

Mining in the West Mining became big business with discoveries of large deposits of precious metals, such as the Comstock Lode in Nevada. Miners from all over the world came to work in the western mines. Boomtowns grew quickly when a mine opened and often disappeared quickly when the mine closed. Mining was dangerous. The equipment was unsafe and miners had to breathe hot, stuffy air that causes lung disease. Poorly planned explosions and cave-ins killed and injured miners. Fires were also a threat.

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Railroads connect East & West  Wagon Trains & stagecoaches could not move people fast enough  Railroads could and did.  Between 1865 & 1890-miles of track in the U.S. soared from 35,000 to 150,000 miles.

Transcontinental Railway  A route was needed to connect the Atlantic and Pacific coasts.  Two companies competed with each other.  Union Pacific-began laying track westward  Central Pacific- began laying track eastward.  Each wanted to cover a greater distance to receive more of the government subsidies.

The Transcontinental Railway  Large numbers of Irish and Chinese immigrants worked on the railroads.  In May of 1869, the railway was connected in Utah.  The Governor of California drove a golden spike into a tie to join the two railroads.

Results of the Railroad 1. Economic growth and population in the West increased. 2. Railroads provided better transportation for people and goods 3. They also encouraged people to move west. 4. Railroads became one of the country’s biggest industries. 5. Railroads changed how people measured time with the creation of time zones