Battles of the Revolution

Trenton Date: December 25, 1776 State: New Jersey Washington attacks Hessians by crossing the Delaware River 1000 Hessian casualties Followed a few days later by victory in Princeton Allowed Washington to camp for the winter with a victory and improved morale

Philadelphia Date: Aug 1777 State: Pennsylvania General Howe heads toward Philadelphia Washington is unsuccessful in stopping him at Brandywine Creek Congress flees the capital Howe makes his headquarters

Saratoga Date: Oct 1777 State: New York General Burgoyne attempts to cut off New England by driving south from Canada Slowed by terrain and carrying supplies Endured attacks by militia such as Ethan Allen’s “Green Mountain Men” American General Gates surrounds Burgoyne and forces him to surrender at Saratoga ***Turning point: American victory convinces the French to join the war against the British (money, supplies, ships)

Valley Forge Date: Winter State: Pennsylvania After suffering many losses Washington camps for the winter 2000 will die in harsh conditions Prussian officer Friedrich Von Steuben and French officer Marquis de Lafayette help Washington train Americans into a fighting force

Kick off 10/22 Answer the map questions on page 127

Charleston Date: May 1780 State: South Carolina By 1779 Georgia was under British control Clinton and Cornwallis sail to Charleston Greatest British victory of the war Cornwallis stays south to get the Carolinas under British control

Cornwallis vs. Greene Date: 1781 States: NC and SC Washington sends Nathaniel Greene to harass Cornwallis’s army Daniel Morgan defeats the British at Cowpens (SC) Loyalist militia are defeated at King’s Mountain (NC) Cornwallis finally wins a battle at Guilford Courthouse (NC) but with heavy losses British retreat to VA, chased by Greene

Yorktown Date: October 1781 State: VA Cornwallis retreats to Yorktown and begins to fortify his position A combined American/French force surrounds the British by land and sea Cornwallis surrenders to end the war

Other Important People Benedict Arnold - hero of Saratoga but turned traitor and fled to Britain John Paul Jones - American naval commander who harassed British ships and even attacked the British port of White Haven. “I have not even begun to fight” Nathan Hale - schoolteacher who spied on the British and was executed. “I regret that I only have but one life to give for my country.” Francis Marion - SC militia leader who harassed British troops with guerilla tactics “The Swamp Fox”

Treaty of Paris 1783 Negotiated by John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, and John Jay Britain recognized American independence American territory would be all land east of the Mississippi river, south of Canada, but not Florida Trouble ahead 1.No provision for Native American lands 2.No time limit for evacuating British forts 3.British creditors could collect debts from Americans and sue in state courts