1. WINNING INDEPENDENCE
Chapter 9 Lesson 3
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2. Objectives
Identify the major battles and campaigns of the Revolutionary War.
Describe how individuals and other nations contributed to the war’s outcome.

3. Vocabulary Civilian – people not in the military
Traitor – someone who acts against his or her country.

4. Revolutionary Heroes Nathan Hale John Paul Jones
Mary Ludwig Hays McCauley
Tadeusz Kosciuszko

5. Nathan Hale Teacher Was an American spy in NYC
He was hung by the British
“I regret that I have but one life to lose for my country.”

6. John Paul Jones American Navy Commander Continental Navy = 60 ships
British = 270 ships
About to lose a battle at sea, British told him to give up
“I have not yet begun to fight”

7. Mary Ludwig Hays McCauley
“Molly Pitcher”
Carried fresh water to American troops during the Battle of Monmouth in NJ in 1778
Her husband was wounded and she took his place in battle, loading the cannons

8. Tadeusz Kosciuszko Left Poland to serve in the Continental Army
Helped design plans for a fort at WEST POINT, NY
This is now part of the United States Military Academy

9. The War Moves
When British learned of the French help, they moved the battle south
Many Loyalist in the South, the British hoped this would help
British also planned on capturing Southern ports, to get supplies in and out easier
Inland, the British lost many battles
Battle of Vincennes (Indiana) – was lost by the British

10. Savannah, Georgia 1st target by British in South Nov. 25, 1778
British attacked quickly while Americans were trying to defend
British Victory

11. Charles Town, South Carolina
1780
Americans greatly outnumbered
Now called Charleston
British victory

12. Virginia
Early 1781
Benedict Arnold – led British attacks on Virginia towns
He had become a traitor
He felt that he had not been treated fairly by the Continental Army

13. Americans
Fight
Back

14. Nathanael Green General in the Continental Army Leader in the South
“We fight, get beat, rise, and fight again”

15. Daniel Morgan General under Greene’s leadership
Led Americans to a major victory at Cowpens, SC (1781)
This battle proved Americans could beat the British in the South.

16. North Carolina British push north to N.C.
March 1781 – battle at Guilford Courthouse
British held the field, but took major losses
Still could not win, because there was no one city that was the heart of America

17. The War Ends

18. British General Charles Cornwallis
Headquarters at Yorktown, Virginia
On the Chesapeake Bay
Easy for British to get in supplies
But, it could easily be circled

19. Victory at Yorktown
French & American soldiers marched south to encircle Yorktown.
French Navy also took control of the Chesapeake Bay
Cornwallis was trapped
Cornwallis gave up on October 19, 1781

21. The Treaty of Paris
The Battle of Yorktown was the LAST major battle of the war.
Some battles continued to be fought though.
April 1782 – the two sides met in Paris, France to negotiate a peace treaty.

22. Treaty of Paris Cont.
John Jay, Benjamin Franklin, & John Adams – American negotiators
Wanted Britain to accept American independence
All British soldiers removed from American lands

23. One Year Later The British FINALLY agree
September 3, 1783, The Treaty of Paris signed ending the Revolutionary War

24. The Terms Named the United States of America as a new nation
Set the new nation’s borders
It reached from Georgia in the south to the Great Lakes in the north.
The Mississippi River formed its western border

25. After the War
After the British left, George Washington made his home in Virginia
On his way, he stopped at Annapolis, Maryland to retire
He told the Congress his work was done
They thanked him for his service and wished him well

26. THE END