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Topic: The Revolutionary War (1775-1783)
Essential Question: How did the colonies win the war?
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Who has the advantage? British advantages Best army and navy in the world Strong central government Great wealth
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Strong central government
Great wealth Colonial advantages Fighting for a cause Leadership of George Washington
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Leadership of George Washington Fighting on home territory
Fighting for a cause Leadership of George Washington Fighting on home territory Guerrilla warfare Hit-and-run fighting technique using small groups of soldiers Daniel Morgan George Rogers Clark
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Guerrilla warfare Hit-and-run fighting technique using small groups of soldiers 10-2-2 Discuss British advantages Colonial advantages Describe which single advantage you think is most important (could be British or Colonial).
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Guerrilla warfare Hit-and-run fighting technique using small groups of soldiers Early years ( )
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Hit-and-run fighting technique using small groups of soldiers
Early years ( ) Battle of Trenton (December 26, 1776) Washington crossed the Delaware River on Christmas night
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Battle of Trenton (December 26, 1776)
Washington crossed the Delaware River on Christmas night Surprised and defeated Hessian mercenaries the next day
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Monument to Col. John Glover, Boston
Washington crossed the Delaware River on Christmas night Surprised and defeated Hessian mercenaries the next day Casualties: Hessians: 1001 Americans: 7 Monument to Col. John Glover, Boston
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Hessians: 1001 Americans: 7 Importance: 1st real victory for the Continental Army Obtained needed supplies Allowed Washington to rest and regroup during the winter Encouraged soldiers to enlist
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Allowed Washington to rest for the remainder of the winter
Encouraged soldiers to enlist Battles of Saratoga (Sept/Oct 1777) Controlling the Hudson River was a key to victory Daniel Morgan’s sharpshooters Eliminated British officers Burgoyne Daniel Morgan Horatio Gates
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Daniel Morgan’s sharpshooters Eliminated British officers
Benedict Arnold Heroically led soldiers to victory Became a traitor in 1779 Fort Ticonderoga
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Heroically led soldiers to victory
Became a traitor in 1779 Turning point in the war Ended the British offensive in the North Convinced France to enter the war against England
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Ended the British offensive in the North
Convinced France to enter the war against England 10-2-2 Discuss Trenton Saratoga Which battle do you think is more important, Trenton or Saratoga?
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Ended the British offensive in the North
Convinced France to enter the war against England Valley Forge ( ) Winter camp in Pennsylvania Soldiers suffered greatly from cold, hunger, and disease
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Winter camp in Pennsylvania
Soldiers suffered greatly from cold, hunger, and disease Marquis de Lafayette French nobleman Became Washington’s aide
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French nobleman Became Washington’s aide Friedrich von Steuben Prussian (German) military officer Organized and trained Washington’s soldiers
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Prussian (German) military officer
Organized and trained Washington’s soldiers France Benjamin Franklin had been in France since 1776 Tried to convince King Louis XVI to help the colonies
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Benjamin Franklin had been in France since 1776
Tried to convince King Louis XVI to help the colonies Declared war on Britain in 1778 Convinced that America could win the war after Saratoga
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Declared war on Britain in 1778
Convinced that America could win the war after Saratoga Sent money, supplies, troops, and ships
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10-2-2 Convinced that America could win the war after Saratoga
Sent money, supplies, troops, and ships 10-2-2 Discuss Valley Forge Lafayette Von Steuben France Choose one of the following: Describe why the alliance with France was so important. Would you consider Valley Forge more of a negative experience or a positive experience for the Continental Army?
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Convinced that America could win the war after Saratoga
Sent money, supplies, troops, and ships War at sea Continental Navy was very small
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War at sea Continental Navy was very small John Paul Jones America’s greatest naval commander during the war Famous quotation: “I have not yet begun to fight!”
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Famous quotation: “I have not yet begun to fight!” French navy played a major role after 1778
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Battle of Guilford Courthouse
“I have not yet begun to fight!” French navy played a major role after 1778 The war ends ( ) Nathanael Greene Battle of Guilford Courthouse Charles Cornwallis
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French navy played a major role after 1778 The war ends (1781-83)
The war ends ( ) Battle of Yorktown (1781) English General Cornwallis in Yorktown, Virginia Surrounded by Washington, the French army, and a French naval blockade Henry Clinton Charles Cornwallis
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Cornwallis was forced to surrender Last major battle of the war
English General Cornwallis in Yorktown, Virginia Surrounded by Washington, the French army, and a French naval blockade Cornwallis was forced to surrender Last major battle of the war Forced Britain to sign a peace treaty
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Officially ended the Revolutionary War
Last major battle of the war Forced Britain to sign a peace treaty Treaty of Paris (1783) Officially ended the Revolutionary War Officially freed the colonies from British control
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10-2-2 Discuss Explain why Washington won at Yorktown.
Officially ended the Revolutionary War Officially freed the colonies from British control 10-2-2 Discuss War at sea Yorktown Treaty of Paris Explain why Washington won at Yorktown.
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