Canada SS6E1 The student will analyze different economic systems. a)Compare how traditional, command, market, and mixed economies answer the economic questions of 1-what to produce, 2-how to produce, and 3-for whom to produce. b)Explain how most countries have a mixed economy located on a continuum between pure market and pure command. c)Compare and contrast the basic types of economic systems found in Canada.

Economic Systems Traditional: people usually produce what they need to survive; usually in an agricultural society; they trade/barter goods Command: government CONTROLS what is produced and how it is produced Market: based on what the country’s people want to buy and sell; allows for private ownership of businesses and entrepreneurs

Mixed Economies Today, most countries are MIXED. On the economics continuum – some mixed economies are more market and less command (Canada); while others are more command and less market (Cuba). Market Command Canada Cuba Canada has a mixed economy (more market, very little command). The government controls areas such as health care and the postal service. Venezuela Brazil

Mixed Economies Think about what it means to be a PURE MARKET ECONOMY... Are you free? Why or why not? Market Command Canada Cuba Venezuela Brazil

Mixed Economies Think about what it means to be a PURE MARKET ECONOMY... Are you free? Why or why not? Market Command Canada Cuba Venezuela Brazil Market is FREE because there is no government control

Mixed Economies Market Command Canada Cuba Where would you want to start a business? Why? Venezuela Brazil Canada – freedom to make decisions; only takes a few days to start a business

Thinking about Canada geographically… where might there be a traditional economy? Why? Textbook Pg. 161

If you said hunting and gathering in the northern part of Canada, you are correct! People who live here participate in farming, herding livestock, hunting and gathering.

NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) In order to increase trade in North America, the USA, Canada, and Mexico signed an agreement called NAFTA. NAFTA created a free trade zone in North America. This agreement eliminated (removed) tariffs on goods shipped between the USA, Canada, and Mexico.

To restrict trade because a country wants to sell and produce their own goods Tariffs: TAXES placed on imported goods Quotas: RESTRICTIONS/LIMIT on the amount of goods that can be imported into a country Embargo: FORBID trade with another country Trade Barriers These can be natural geographic features such as mountains or oceans, or they can be man-made/political Types of Trade Barriers

NAFTA USA, Canada, Mexico

Canada SS6CG3 The student will explain the structure of the national government of Canada. a. Describe the structure of the Canadian government as a constitutional monarchy, a parliamentary democracy, and a federation, distinguishing the role of the citizen in terms of voting and personal freedoms

Canada’s Government

Comparing the Canadian and U.S. Governments Aspects of GovernmentCanadaUnited States TYPEConstitutional Monarchy (limited power) Constitutional Republic (limited power) HEAD OF STATEMonarch (Queen of England) *Governor-General President HEAD OF GOVERNMENTPrime MinisterPresident LEGISLATUREParliamentCongress SYSTEMFederal (central and provinces)Federal (central and states) CURRENT PRIME MINISTER/ PRESIDENT Stephen HarperBarack Obama CAPITAL CITYOttawa, OntarioWashington, D.C. NUMBER OF PROVINCES/ STATES 1050 EXECUTIVE OF PROVINCES / STATES PremierGovernor

OBAMA AND HARPER

OBAMA AND HARPER IN THE OVAL OFFICE

STRUCTURE OF THE CANADIAN GOVERNMENT –The Government of Canada is a constitutional monarchy. –The monarch (king or queen) of the United Kingdom is the head of state and traditional symbolic leader of the country. The king or queen has little real power. –The constitution of Canada explains how the government is organized. The constitution also explains the rights of the citizens of Canada. The constitution includes limits on the power of the king or queen of the United Kingdom.

STRUCTURE OF THE CANADIAN GOVERNMENT –Canada has a parliamentary democracy. In a parliamentary democracy, citizens elect members of parliament called MP’s, who in turn elect the prime minister. –The prime minister is the chief executive of the country. He heads the military, enforces laws, and keeps the country running day to day. The prime minister also leads the parliament. –Canada also has a federal government. Power is divided between the central government and ten provinces. Canada’s provinces can write their own laws and elect their own leaders. The governments of the provinces are organized much like the national government of Canada. Instead of choosing a prime minister, provincial parliaments choose a premier.