TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS PAGE 277, QUESTIONS 1 & 4 PAGE 280, QUESTIONS 1-4 PAGE 281, QUESTION 4

QUESTION 1 – PAGE When liquid water is put into the tray, its particles are travelling at high speeds, there are significant distances between particles and the force between particles is not very strong. As the water is cooled, the particles move more slowly and get closer together. The forces between particles become stronger. At some point, the attractive forces hold the particles in place. The liquid water has turned to solid ice.

QUESTION 4 – PAGE The air molecules are moving very quickly (450m/s), have large spaces between them (20 times larger than molecules), and small forces of attraction. There is a lot of space between the air particles for the perfume particles to move. In a short time, the perfume particles move past many air particles and across the room.

QUESTIONS 1-4 – PAGE Viscosity is a fluid’s “resistance to flow.” We experience viscosity as the thickness or thinness of a fluid. 2.Internal friction would be the friction between one part of a fluid and a neighboring part of the same fluid, all inside the same fluid. In a fluid with great internal friction, the particles can only slide by each other reluctantly. Such a fluid would display high viscosity.

3)The performance of many products depends on viscosity. Imagine toothpaste as thin as milk, or rubbing alcohol as thick as honey. Each product must have carefully controlled viscosity in order to perform well. 4)There are many answers here. Anyone who designs, test, or uses food products, cosmetics, drugs, cleaners paints, glues, hydraulics, fuels, or gases must have some knowledge of viscosity. Experts would need specialized knowledge. When you operate a boat, you encounter the viscosity of water and wind, fuel and oil, lubricants and waxes, paints and glues, as well as personal protective materials like sunscreen.

QUESTION 4 – PAGE 281 Low Viscosity FluidsHigh Viscosity Fluids Many alcoholsVegetable oil GasolineMotor oil, WaterMolasses Butane in a butane lighterSyrup Paint Glue Etc.