1. States of Matter
Chapter 3

2. States of Matter Solid Has a definite shape and a definite volume
Examples
Ice
Rocks
Your pencil
A baseball

3. States of matter A fixed closely packed arrangement of particles
There are 2 types of solids

4. States of Matter Amorphous solid
The particles are not arranges in a regular pattern
Examples
Plastic
Rubber
Glass

5. States of Matter Crystalline Solid
Solids that are made up of crystal It will melt at a specific temperature
Examples
Salt
Sugar
Ice

6. States of Matter
Liquid Has a definite shape and volume but does not have a shape of its own
Has a constant volume no matter what its shape

7. States of matter Liquids are also called Fluids a substance that flows
Examples
Water
milk
oil

8. States of Matter Properties of Liquids
Surface tension An inward pull that brings the liquid molecules closer together

9. States of Matter
Viscosity resistance to flow. It depends on the size and shape of the fluids molecules and attraction between particles

10. States of Matter
Gas Does not have a definite shape or a definite volume. It will fill the space available to it

11. Changes between a solid and a liquid
Melting Change from a state of a solid to a liquid
Melting Point The specific temperature at which melting occurs

12. Changes between a solid and a liquid
At its melting point the particles of a solid substance are vibrating so fast that they break free from their fixed positions
Water is 0º C

13. Changes between a solid and a liquid
Freezing The change in state from a liquid to a solid
At its freezing temperature the particles of a liquid are moving so slowly that they begin to form regular patterns (crystallize)

14. Changes Between Liquids and a Gas
Vaporization Change from a liquid to a gas
Vaporization occurs when the particles of a liquid gain enough energy to form a gas

15. Changes Between Liquids and a Gas
Evaporation Vaporization that takes place at the surface of a liquid
The liquid may gain energy from the ground, air or the sun
                                                   

16. Changes Between Liquids and a Gas
Boiling Occurs when a liquid changes into a gas below the surface as well as at the surface of a liquid.
Boiling point The temperature at which liquid boils

17. Changes Between Liquids and a Gas
Condensation The opposite of vaporization when a gas becomes a liquid.
Loss of thermal energy

18. Changes Between Solid and a Gas
Sublimation when the surface particles gain enough energy that they skip the liquid phase and become a gas