2. Lesson 2-12 – Closing the Convention 2726

3. Lesson 2-12 Closing the Convention and the Battle for Ratification The Constitutional Convention

4. L EARNING T ARGETS:  I can describe the ratification process of the U.S. Constitution. VOCAB Add to Section 2: Vocabulary (17-20)  ratify  Federalist Lesson 2-12: Closing the Convention & the Battle for Ratification  Anti-Federalist  The U.S. Constitution 27 R  I can explain why some delegates refused to sign the Constitution. E SSENTIAL Q UESTION How will the country be convinced to approve the plan for the “new” government of the United States?

5. W ARM U P Some of the delegates refused to sign the new Constitution. Why would they refuse? Write down some reasons. L 26 Lesson 2-12: Closing the Convention & the Battle for Ratification

6. Attach the Graphic Organizer. Why did some of the delegates refuse to sign the final draft of the Constitution? 8.11 The Convention Ends What were The Federalist Papers, and why were they written? 8.12 The Constitution Goes to the Nation 27 R Lesson 2-12: Closing the Convention & the Battle for Ratification

7. Read Section 8.11, page 157 and top of 158. You have 10 minutes to read and complete this. Complete the first section of the Graphic Organizer. 8.11 The Convention Ends Why did some of the delegates refuse to sign the final draft of the Constitution? Closing the Convention Lesson 2-12: Closing the Convention & the Battle for Ratification

8. 8.11 The Convention Ends Why did some of the delegates refuse to sign the final draft of the Constitution? How many states would have to ratify (approve) the Constitution BEFORE it could go into effect? 7? 13? Compromise... 9 states The Draft of the new Constitution is FINISHED Who should ratify the Constitution? The people? State legislatures? Ratified (approved) by special conventions in each state by delegates elected by the people of the state Lesson 2-12: Closing the Convention & the Battle for Ratification

9. George Mason expressed the fear of some that the Constitution gave the national government too much power. Elbridge Gerry expressed the concern that the Constitution did not protect the rights of the people. 8.11 The Convention Ends Why did some of the delegates refuse to sign the final draft of the Constitution? On September 17, 1787, the U.S. Constitution was signed by 38 brave men. What did Benjamin Franklin often wondered about this image on George Washington’s chair? Lesson 2-12: Closing the Convention & the Battle for Ratification

10. Read Section 8.12, pages 158-159. You have 10 minutes to read and complete this. Complete the next section of the Graphic Organizer. Ratifying the Constitution 8.12 The Constitution Goes to the Nation What were The Federalist Papers and why were they written? Federalists Anti-Federalists Lesson 2-12: Closing the Convention & the Battle for Ratification

11. 8.12 The Constitution Goes to the Nation Anti-FederalistsFederalists Lesson 2-12: Closing the Convention & the Battle for Ratification Supporters of the new Constitution Want a stronger federal government Wanted weaker state governments Wanted a single person to lead the executive branch Support from large, wealthy landowners and merchants Opponents of the new Constitution Feared a stronger federal government would burden the country with taxes Wanted important political powers to remain with the states Feared a strong executive might become a king or tyrant Support from ordinary people, farmers, artisans Believed a bill of rights was needed to protect people’s rights Alexander Hamilton John Jay Thomas Jefferson George Mason James Madison

12. The Federalist Papers were articles written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay 8.12 The Constitution Goes to the Nation What were The Federalist Papers and why were they written? urging ratification of the Constitution. By late June, 1788, nine states had ratified the Constitution and that meant it was officially approved (ratified) and our new government. Lesson 2-12: Closing the Convention & the Battle for Ratification Presented clear reasons for supporting the Constitution and a new, more powerful central government. Delaware (1), Pennsylvania (2), New Jersey (3), Georgia (4), Connecticut (5), Massachusetts (6), Maryland (7), South Carolina (8), New Hampshire (9), Virginia (10), New York (11), North Carolina (12), and Rhode Island (13)

14. A Political Poster Create a poster that might have been used to encourage people to support OR reject the ratification of the new Constitution. PROCESSING The Lesson L 26 Lesson 2-12: Closing the Convention & the Battle for Ratification

15. A Political Poster Create a poster that might have been used to encourage people to support OR reject the ratification of the Constitution. PROCESSING The Lesson Your poster must include a catchy slogan three reasons why states should either ratify OR not ratify the Constitution a visual to accompany each reason extra creative touches to make your poster visually appealing, such as a decorative border, color, etcetera writing that is free of spelling and grammatical errors BRAIN STORM POSITION Ratify or Reject? SLOGAN _______________________________ ARGUMENTS Reason 1: Reason 2: Reason 3: Possible “Counter Argument”:

16. A Stronger U.S. Is a Stronger US! Support ratifying the Constitution by voting YES! Reason 3 Reason 2 Strong BUT Limited Government Our new government will have three branches and each branch will have a different job so the government will not be too powerful.

17. Ratify and Die! Vote NO and reject the new Constitution Reason 2 Reason 3 New Federal Government will take away your rights! We fought the American Revolution to gain our rights from an abusive, all-powerful government. DON’T give your rights away by voting for the Constitution with NO Bill of Rights to protect us and our rights!

18. Poster has a clear focus Supporting details expand the focus of the poster Information is logically presented DESCRIPTION LEVEL 4 Advanced Raw Score 45-50 points 0 0 points NO poster turned inORPoster unreadable Poster has a clear focus Most sections of the poster include supporting details Poster lacks a clear focus Only some supporting details are given Information is accurate and thoroughly presented with supporting details Three supporting arguments are presented Ideas demonstrate a sophisticated understanding of the material Poster is extremely engaging Original ideas are presented Appropriate artwork is used throughout the presentation Correct grammar and spelling is utilized Attractively presented Information is mostly accurate (few minor errors) and supporting details provided Three supporting arguments are presented Ideas demonstrate a substantial understanding of the material Poster is engaging Some original ideas are present Appropriate artwork is included on most sections A few grammatical and spelling errors present Neatly presented Information is inaccurate with major errors or omissions Information is incomplete with some supporting details Lacking three supporting arguments Ideas demonstrate some understanding of the material Poster includes few interesting details Few original ideas present Artwork is present on some sections Some grammatical and spelling errors present Presentation is not neat Poster lacks a clear focus Little supporting details given Poster is uninteresting Obvious examples used Artwork is limited, missing, or inappropriate Multiple grammatical and spelling errors present Presentation is difficult to read 3 Proficient Raw Score 35-44 points 2 Basic (Approaching Proficiency) Raw Score 26-34 points 1 Below Proficient Raw Score 25 points and Below ORGANIZATION (8 points) CONTENT (34 points) CREATIVITY (4 points) MECHANICS/APPEARANCE (4 points) Ratifying the Constitution Poster RUBRIC Information is inaccurate, incomplete with no detail Ideas demonstrate little or no understanding of the material 34 points4 points 8 points 30 points3 points 7 points 23 points2 points 5 points 17 points1 points 4 points

19. American History Hip Hop Style Song Lyrics Lesson 2-12: Closing the Convention & the Battle for Ratification