1. Quiz #1 1. Tobio is… a. Atomu b. deceased c. the head of the animetronic lab 2. Dr. Ochanomizu a. adopted Astro Boy b. created Astro Boy c. rejected Astro Boy 3. Manga has over a. 100 years of history in making b. 500 years of history in making c. 1000 years of history in making

2. Anime: 1000 Years of the Making EAST 251 Week 2

3. Is it a coincident Anime originated in Japan?

4. Manga （漫画） :Foundation of Anime Two dimensional drawing of some thing, someone or events  Simplification  Exaggeration/overstatement  Lively  Comical  Criticism  Humorous

5. The Scrolls: The Origin of Manga  The earliest Japanese paintings are found in Nara period (710- 794)  Scrolls are long strip of papers (can reach 49 ft.)  Read from right to left  Usually story telling in nature

6. Choju-junbutsu-giga ( 鳥獣人物戯画 ) 1153-1140 30-40 ft long

7. Early Japan: Asuka and Nara Period Asuka: 592-710 Nara: 710-794

8. Around that time in Europe… Byzantine Art

9. Fujibukuro-shoshi Emaki ( 藤袋草紙絵巻） 16 th Century 2 ¾ x 7 ¾ inch

10. Nezumi-shoshi Emaki ( 鼠草紙絵巻） 16 th Century 13 ¼ x 185 inch

11. Tamamushi Monogatari ( 玉虫物語 )17 th Century 450 ¾ x 8 inch

12. Tamamushi Monogatari ( 玉虫物語 )17 th Century 450 ¾ x 8 inch

13. The Birth of Japanese Print: Edo Period  A period of peace brought the time to enjoy life  Middle class grew richer  People now have access to entertainment  Middle class children went to “terakoya” or private schools   Higher literacy rate  News paper  Advancement of printing technology   Ukiyoe was born Edo: 1603-1868

14. How to Use Ukiyo-e woodblock

15. Ukiyoke ( 浮世絵 ): Images of the Floating World “Earthly domain governed by changeability and fleeting pleasure” Ukiyoe played many roles:  Advertisement (restaurants, beauty products, theaters/play, courtesans)  Entertainment  Art for middle class

16. Utagawa Toyokuni (1857) c.f. posters

17. Takehara Shunsen (1987-1801) 百物語 The Hundred Tales (unknown)

18. Kitagawa Utamaro, A Child Pstered by a Nightmare with his Mother (1800-1801)

19. Katsushika Hokusai (1775-1824) Hokusai’s work:  Hokusai Manga=15 volumes of various sketches (300+)  Depicting things in nature: animals, ghosts, etc. (30,000 + art works)

20. Hokusai: Thirty-six Views of Mt. Fuji

21. Origin of Anime, Manga 北斎漫画 (Hokusai Manga) 1775-1824 by Hokusai Katsushika  15 volumes of various sketches (300+)  Depicting things in nature: animals, ghosts, etc.

22. Hokusai: Hokusai Manga

23. Hokusai: Shunga  Became very popular during Edo period  Categorized under Ukiyoe  Exaggeration/overstatement  Lively  Comical  Humorous Next 2 pages: Rated R

24. Hokusai: The Dream of the Fisherman's Wife (1820) from Kinoe-no-komatsu

25. Hokusai: Kinoe-no-komatsu (1820)

26. Manga was common people’s entertainment in Edo period (1603-1868)

27. Edo to Modern Period (1868-1945)  Utagawa Yoshikazu, The acrobats (1858)  Anonymous, Working the Fields (1898) c.f. Box arrangement of modern Manga layout

28. Around that time in Europe…  16-18 th century paintings

29. The Rise of the Comic Strip: Modern Period Kitazawa Rakuten, The Primary School board game (1913)

30. The Rise of the Comic Strip: Modern Period  Manga on Current Topics (1925)  Manga: Chiyomaru and Princess Yachio (1939)  The Exploration of Mars (1940)

31. History of Japanese Anime The oldest existing Animation: なまくら刀 (1917)

32. Manga: Post WWII 手塚治虫 （ Osamu Tezuka) 1928-1989  Military medical doctor turned into manga writer  Inspired by Walt Disney’s work  His manga focused on story lines, psychological depiction, emotional conflict and importance of human lives  Based on his Manga, he produced first TV Anime, Tetsuwan Atomu (Astro Boy)

33. Tezuka Osamu  Created 700+ Manga (15,000 + pages)  Produced 60+ Anime 1950-1954 1952-19681954-incomplete

34. First Animation airs on TV: Tezuka’s 鉄腕アトム (Astro Boy) 1963

35. 1970’s Anime boom  テレビ名作アニメ劇場 (Television Anime Master piece theater), Sunday, 7:30 PM.

36. On the other hand in the US…  Saturday morning cartoons

37. 宮崎駿 （ Hayao Miyazaki) 1941-  Inspired by Tezuka’s manga  He directed and designed “Television Anime Master piece theater” until 1979. That was his break  Moved onto the production of anime films  Established Studio Ghibli in 1985

38. Etymology of “Anime”  1917: Jidaigeki-manga 時代劇漫画 = a period drama manga  1930’s: Anime was called 動画 (dooga =moving drawings); was shown as ‘pre-show’ before movies.  1960’s: Anime was called 漫画映画 (manga eiga=comic movies). The word Animation was business lingo.  July 1965 issue of Kogata-eiga ( 小型映画 ), a movie magazine, used the word “Anime”.

39. Format of Current Anime  One season: usually 6 months (2 cycles)  One episode=30 minutes  Warning: 5 seconds  Opening music: 1 minute 30 seconds  A part: 10 minuets  Commercials  B part : 10 minuets and 30 seconds  Ending music: 1 minute 30 seconds  Coming attraction: 15 seconds

40. Nature of Anime  Rich in history  Though the drawing style is simplified, the story line is more complex and explores human emotion and drama  Targeted not only children but also at a wider audience

41. What is Anime? 1. Two dimensional animated art form 2. *Japanese origin 3. *Originally manga 4. Containing meaningful conversation or story 5. One episode is either 30 min (TV series) or more (OAV or full movie length) 6. Having story line and consequences * Usually but not always  In my humble opinion, if it doesn’t satisfy the criteria above, I’d call it an animated cartoon.