1. By the end of this lesson, students will: 1. Read behind the literal meaning to make inferences (the seventh Key of Reasoning. 2. Consider implications (the eighth of Keys of Reasoning).

2. 1. Share your reflections. 2. I will also share and reflect on what I have observed the learning with you.

3. Prior Knowledge: Key 1 – Issue Key 2 – Purpose Key 3 – Points of view Key 4 – Assumptions Key 5 – Concept Key 6 – Supporting Information

4. 1. Given the information, what inferences can be made? 2. How did you reach this conclusion? 3. Is there another way to interpret the information?

5. 1. What are you implying when you say that? 2. What is likely to happen if we do this versus that? 3. What are the implications of using different methods to address the issue/conflict to arrive at the conclusion? More advanced: 4. What are the consequences of manipulating or eliminating some of the conditions? 5. How can we find out? 6. What does this question assume? 7. How could someone settle this question? 8. Can we break this question down at all? 9. Is this question clear? Do we understand it? 10. Is this question easy or hard to answer? Why? 11. Does this question ask us to evaluate something? What is that?

6. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gshbJ9CfbQ8 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bh2LmUYqUTE or http://www.lyricsdepot.com/simon- garfunkel/sounds-of-silence.html 1.What do you infer from the song/commercial? (Or what do you think to be true from the story?) 2.What are the messages you want to give when you say that? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TeNQ5oT5rOg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_hGQuTjI3U

7. 1. Skim and scan some information on a motion: This House believes that tackling of ground- level pollution should be accelerated. 2. You have two minutes to make inferences for an affirmative resolution. 3. When you hear ‘Switch’, make rebuttals against the affirmative resolution. 4. Use the guiding questions of the two keys, Inferences and Implications to build arguments.

8. Take-home Job 1. Read several famous speeches. http://edition.cnn.com/2009/POLITICS/01/20/oba ma.politics/index.html http://www.historyplace.com/speeches/previous.h tm 2. List any speech writing techniques.