1. ABC B OOK OF H ISTORY Brianna Carmony 3 rd period 5-17-2011

2. Arsenal - a storage place for weapons and ammunition. Article - A part of a document, such as the Constitution, that deals with a single subject. Antifederalists - individuals who opposed ratification of the Constitution. Abolitionist - a person who strongly favors doing away with slavery.

3. Blockade Runner- ship that sais into and out of a blockaded area. Boomtown- a community experiencing a sudden growth in business of population. Boycott- to refuse to buy items from a particular country. Burgesses- elected representatives to an assembly.

4. Cabinet- a group of advisors to the president. Canal- an artificial waterway Casualty- a military person killed, wounded, or captured Checks and Balances- the system in which each branch of government has a check on the other two branches so that no one branch becomes too powerful.

5. Depreciate- to fall in value Depression- a period of low economic activity and wide spread unemployment Dictator- a leader who rues with total authority, often in a cruel or brutal manner. Drought- a long period of time with little rainfall

6. Emancipate- to free from slavery Embargo- an order prohibition trade with another country. Emigrant- A person who leaves a country or region to live elsewhere. Export- To sell goods abroad.

7. Famine- and extreme shortage of food Federalists- Supporters of the Constitution. Forty-Niners: People who went to California during the gold rush of 1849 Fugitive- Runaway of trying to run away

8. Global Warming- a steady increase in world temperature Greenback- a piece of U.S paper money first issued by the North during the Civil War Guerrilla- referring to surprise attacks or raids rather than organized warfare Guerrilla Warfare- A hit- and-run technique issued in fighting a war; fighting by small bands of warriors using tactics such as sudden ambushes.

9. Henry, Patrick- made passionate speeches about independence from Britain. Hamilton, Alexander- First secretary of the Treasury of the United States. Habeas Corpus- a legal order for an inquiry to determine whether a person has been lawfully imprisoned Human Rights- rights regarded as belonging to all persons, such as freedom from unlawful imprisonment, torture, and execution.

10. Impressment- forcing people into service; as in the navy. Indian Territory- land reserved by the United States government for Native Americans, now the state of Oklahoma Industrial Revolution- A period of rapid growth started in Britain in the 1700s Interchangeable Parts- Uniform pieces that can be made in large quantities to replace other identical pieces.

11. Jackson, Andrew- His style of government was known as “Jacksonian Democracy”. Judicial Review- Allows the court to interpret and apply laws that are constitutional. Jones, John Paul- Founder of the U.S. Navy Jefferson, Thomas- Main author of the Declaration of Independence.

12. Kansas- state in the Central United States; fighting over slavery issue in 1850s gave territory the name “Bleeding Kansas”. Kentucky- State in the South Central United States; Border state that sided with the Union during the Civil War. Key, Francis Scott- wrote a poem called “The Star- Spangled Banner”. Knox, Henry- Secretary of war for George Washington.

13. Laissez- Faire: Policy that government should interfere as little as possible in the nation’s economy. Legislative Branch- The branch of government that makes the nation’s laws. Loyalists- American colonists who remained loyal to Britain and opposed the war for Independence. Lee, Robert E.- Leader of the Confederate Army during the Civil War.

14. Majority- More than half. Mayflower Compact- Male pilgrims signed this document to accept majority rule and to remain loyal to England. Madison, James- Father of the U.S. Constitution. Magna Carta- Declared that the King was bound by the citizens of England.

15. Native Americans- Tribes removed from their lands and sent to Indian Territory. Northwest Ordinance- Passed in1787, to set up a system for establishing settlements in the West. Nullification Crisis- To protect U.S. goods Congressed passed high taxes on all imported goods. Naturalized Citizen- Person born in a foreign country, who is granted full citizenship in another.

16. Ohio River Valley- Battle between Native Americans and white settlers over the land. Ohio- State in the North Central Untied States, which was the first state in the Northwest Territory. Oklahoma- State in the South Central United States; Five Civilized Tribes moved to the territory in 130-1842. Oregon Trail- Pioneer trail from Independence, Missouri, to the Oregon Territory.

17. Patriots- American colonists who were determined to fight the British until American Independence was won. Paine, Thomas- He wrote an influential pamphlet encouraging colonists to free themselves from Britain and the King. Plantation System- System of agricultural production based on large scale landownership. Popular Sovereignty- Belief that political power rests with the people.

19. Ratify- To give official approval to. Republic- A government in which citizens rule through elected representatives. Reservation- An area of public lands set aside for Native Americans. Revenue- Incoming money.

20. Secede- To leave or withdraw. Secession- Withdraw from the Union. Smuggling- Trading illegally with other nations. Suffrage- The right to vote.