1. Processes of Socialization Sociology: Chapter 4, Section 4

2. Section Preview Symbolic interactionism views socialization as a lifelong process Desocialization is the process of having to give up old norms Resocialization begins as people adopt new norms and values Anticipatory socialization and reference groups are concerned with voluntary change as when moving from one life stage to another

3. Desocialization and Resocialization When changes happen during your life, and they will, you will need to learn new behaviors and skills Symbolic interactionism describes 4 processes that happen after childhood: – Desocialization – Resocialization – Anticipatory socialization – Reference groups

4. Desocialization Desocialization is the process by which people give up old norms, values, and attitudes This is done to prepare them for learning about a new way of life This can be a radical new way of life, such as becoming imprisoned, a moderate change in life, such as converting to a new religion, or a more minor change in the way of life, such as changing jobs

5. Desocialization is giving up the old way of life in preparation for something new In 1958, after two years of being the biggest musical star on the planet, Elvis Presley gave up his rock ‘n’ roll lifestyle and enlisted in the U.S. Army, thus going through a period of desocialization from his old life

6. Total Institutions Mental hospitals, prisons, the military, and cults are total institutions, which offer radical change and are designed to permanently change people by destroying old self concepts These institutions distribute standard issue clothing and hair styles to reduce individuality Often there is a lack of privacy to further break down an individual’s self concept

7. Total Institutions break down who you were by taking away your individuality and then turn you into a new person

8. Resocialization Resocialization is when people adopt new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors Usually, people are able to do this on their own, as they learn more about their new circumstances However, in total institutions, radical measures may be taken, including denial of food or enforced isolation as a punishment for refusal, or leadership responsibilities or extra private time as a reward for compliance

9. Burt Ward successfully resocialized when his acting career was over and he began a successful dog rescue operation in Norco, California

10. Anticipatory Socialization Anticipatory socialization is when someone is preparing for a change It does not typically occur in prisons or mental hospitals because it involves voluntary change When someone graduates from school and enters the workforce, they take part in anticipatory socialization by purchasing and then wearing the clothes that would be typical for the workforce, rather than for school

11. Many high school students find they need to make some adjustments in their appearance when they join the workforce. This is part of anticipatory socialization

12. Assessment Answer questions 1-3 on pages 132