1. Japanese Internment

2. Directions For Notes Fold Paper in ½ Fold Paper in ½ Write down RED information on RIGHT Write down RED information on RIGHT BLUE information on LEFT

3. The Fourteenth Amendment: (Read and put into your own words) All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. Ratified July 1868

4. The Sixth Amendment: (Read and put into your own words) No person shall… be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation. No person shall… be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation. Ratified December 1791

5. Executive Order 9066: Ordered by FDR Ordered by FDR February 19, 1942 February 19, 1942 Removal of those of Removal of those of Japanese ancestry from CA, WA, OR, & AZ. Japanese ancestry from CA, WA, OR, & AZ. 110,000 Japanese Americans removed from their homes 110,000 Japanese Americans removed from their homes 2/3 – Nisei – Born in this country 2/3 – Nisei – Born in this country

7. The Internment Process Internment was indefinite (people didn’t know when or if they would return home) Internment was indefinite (people didn’t know when or if they would return home) Internees reported to local fairgrounds to be counted and shipped to internment camps Internees reported to local fairgrounds to be counted and shipped to internment camps

8. The Internment Process Internees were housed in temporary facilities until the camps were built They were sent on trains from the coast to the desert

9. The Internment Process Most Japanese Americans sold their property & their possessions Why do you think they had to sell everything? Why did they get very low prices for their property?

10. Camp Locations (write down 2-3) Amache, CO Amache, CO Gila River, AZ Gila River, AZ Heart Mountain, WY Heart Mountain, WY Jerome, AR Jerome, AR Manzanar, CA Manzanar, CA Minidoka, ID Poston, AZ Rohwer, AR Topaz, UT Tule Lake, CA

11. Describe the conditions in the camps:

14. Heart Mountain, WY Morning Flag Salute Why do you think the internees would salute the flag and fight to be enlisted in the army in WWII?

15. Release Japanese Americans were released in 1945 & 1946 (after 3-4 years of internment) Japanese Americans were released in 1945 & 1946 (after 3-4 years of internment)

16. Fred Korematsu v. United States Japanese American who refused internment Japanese American who refused internment Arrested and filed a case Arrested and filed a case Asked: did the President and Congress go to far with E.O 9066? Asked: did the President and Congress go to far with E.O 9066? U.S. Supreme Court ruled in 1944 that the need to protect Americans outweighed individual rights U.S. Supreme Court ruled in 1944 that the need to protect Americans outweighed individual rights Race based exclusion was justified in a time of war Race based exclusion was justified in a time of war

17. Constitutional Rights Japanese Internment: Japanese Internment: What were the reasons for interning Japanese Americans? What were the reasons for interning Japanese Americans? How did internment violate constitutional rights? How did internment violate constitutional rights? Did the need for wartime security justify the internment? Did the need for wartime security justify the internment?

19. Aftermath Apology issued by President Bush in 1988 Apology issued by President Bush in 1988 Congress gives $20,000 to each internee Congress gives $20,000 to each internee 1983 – Federal Court issued an erasure of Korematsu’s criminal conviction – yet case was not overturned by Supreme Court 1983 – Federal Court issued an erasure of Korematsu’s criminal conviction – yet case was not overturned by Supreme Court