1. Plato’s Theory of Forms 1

2. Platonic Forms The ideal or perfect type of all things Mind independent existence Non-spatial Non-temporal 2

3. 3

4. The Divided Line 4

5. 5

6. The Myth of the Cave 6

7. 7

8. 8

9. 9

10. The Rule of the Wise 10

11. 11

12. 12

13. The Rulers Philosophers The Most Wise Will live in an austere absolute communism Sleeping and eating together Owning no property Receiving no salary Having sexual relations on a prearranged schedule with partners shared by all 13

14. The Warriors Control the naturally unruly peasants Keep peace and order within the society Protect the society from enemies 14

15. The Workers Regular people Own property Use money Wear fashions in moderation 15

16. Censorship Plato has been criticized because of his use of censorship Particularly of the arts 16

17. Art 1. Ontologically Since art deals with images art is an imitation of an imitation 17

18. Art 2. Epistemologically The artist is at the conjectural stage He knows nothing but claims to know something He is dangerous 18

19. Art 3. Aesthetical Art expresses itself in sensual images, hence it distracts us from Beauty itself, which is purely spiritually 19

20. Art 4. Moral Art is created by and appeals to the appetite side of the soul Art is either erotic or violent or both, hence it is an incitement to anarchy 20

21. 21