1. Football 1900-1909 During this decade, football _____ a __________ league and existed only as a supposedly _______ sport. It was the primary sporting vehicle for upper- class elite colleges such as ________, _________, __________, and ___________. _____ occurring during games plagued the sport. By the end of the decade football's place in American sporting life remained tenuous and was _____________ by both ________ and _______.

2. Football 1900-1909 Football entered the decade increasing its popularity as evidenced by the rising number of ___________ teams adding the sport to their athletic programs. However, as popular as the game was within these college communities, it also suffered from ____________ and _____________.

3. Football 1900-1909 ______________, ____________ _________, _________ _______, ________ ________, and slush funds provided ample material for the media to question the game's popularity. However, many university leaders realized that great prestige and notoriety could come to a university through a _________football team.

4. Football 1900-1909 University of Chicago President William Rainey Harper hires ______ _________ _______. ________ creates a top-notch football program at the mid-western school which competes with the likes of ________, ______, & _____ both academically and athletically.

5. Football 1900-1909 As winning became more and more important for schools, a renewed focus on _______ and _________ developed. The ____ play in which teams would line up ______ and _______ in the backfield and use their momentum to propel the ball carrier toward the 1 st down.

6. Football 1900-1909 Football became a mass of bodies slamming into one another and, in the close quarters, many ________ acts such as ________, ________, and ________, would occur, out of the officials' sight. Newspaper reports of ________ and injuries increased, raising public skepticism of the merits of the game.

7. Football 1900-1909 Schools formed _______ _______ within ___________ regions. One of the most powerful leagues was the ___________ ________, which would become the Big 10, led by Stagg’s University of Chicago and Michigan's Fielding Yost. The Western League adopted a more wide-open style of play, divorcing itself from reliance upon ________-__________plays favored by the Big 3, Harvard, Yale, and Princeton.

8. Football 1900-1909 As these leagues matured, claims arose as to “_______ _____________” status. In 1901 Michigan claimed the title by recording an __-_ record, outscoring opponents by ___-__, and defeating Stanford in the 1 st ever Rose Bowl ___-__. ________, who believed that winning the eastern championship accorded them the national title, contested the claim. The battle over a true ______ _________ played out in the media and between fans throughout the decade.

9. Football 1900-1909 The following season (_____); Yost's Michigan team again posted a perfect record in their eleven games ___-__ University of Nebraska went ___-__ And Princeton University went ___-__ Debates continue due to these different schools from different conferences posting _________ __________

10. Football 1900-1909 The ____season created even more chaos, ___ teams finished the season undefeated Michigan claimed its ____ straight national title Fellow Western Conference foe Minnesota also claimed the honor with their 13-0 record, while the University of Pennsylvania went 12-0 _____________and ____________ also went undefeated This debate over national prominence demonstrated that, while the eastern colleges believed that they controlled the sport, others were willing to challenge that status. The stage is now set for bowl games to answer the perennial __________ ______________ __________

11. Football 1900-1909 In 1905 ______ College and _____ _____ ___________ (NYU) played in New York City where Union end ______ ______ died from an injury sustained in the game. The rules of the game cried out for changes The Intercollegiate Football Rules Committee, headed by Paul Dashiell and controlled by its secretary, ________ ________, held its regularly scheduled meeting to create and make some rule reforms to the game. Dominated by ________, _____, ________, and _____, this committee struggled to find common ground for rule changes.

12. Football 1900-1909 Creation of the NCAA (1905), originally the ICAA _______ ________of West Point was the 1 st president of the Inter-Collegiate Athletic Association (ICAA), whom headed a rules change meeting. Significant changes included the _______ _____, a neutral zone between the opposing teams, and—Camp's favorite—the extension of a first down to ____ yards. Other proposals called for stronger penalties against _________, _______, and ______ _____.

13. Football 1900-1909 Season Final ______: Traditional ______ game University of _______vs. Yost's ________ (58 straight win streak, seeking its 5 th national championship, outscoring opponents 495-0 during the season) _________’s University of Chicago was also undefeated and had only given up ___ points to opponents Stagg's team held off Yost's Michigan men 2-0, scoring on a _____ in a classic defensive Thanksgiving Day battle handing Yost’s Wolverines their 1 st loss in ___ _______!!! ______ Thanksgiving Day Championship, and the ______ traditional rivalry matchup for the Western Conference.

14. Football 1900-1909 College Football then underwent _____ changes to the game. Rule changes were evident and many institutes felt football _______ academic rigor and that cheer practice and the fanaticism surrounding big games distracted the attention of students. College football would survive though

15. Football 1900-1909 The desire to win led teams to recruit athletes who might not have been admitted to the universities under normal circumstances - AKA – _______ _________. Many _________ minorities who possessed great athletic ability had opportunities to play and attend classes in schools where they would possibly not have been welcomed if not for their _____________. ________ _________ athletes, (Dartmouth's _________ ___________ and Ohio University quarterback ________D. _____) were sprinkled throughout college football, but were banned from professional baseball.

16. Football 1900-1909 The reforms around the country reflected reform movements occurring in ______ and _________ throughout the nation. The American public viewed these reforms as the connection of sport to the ______ at large. Abuses needed to be addressed, whether brutality in ________ conditions or on the ________.

17. Football 1900-1909 ___ players died in college football in 1909 (many from prominent eastern schools) _________ Report passed - the forward pass was liberalized to make it a more effective play, _________ and ___________ were outlawed _____, and _____, were eligible to _____ passes. The rules changed the game from the rugby- influenced style of the ____ into the modern game of American football. The end of the decade was the dawning of a new era for American football. **__________________________________________________ ________________________________.**

18. Football 1900-1909 Changes in the game included more than the _________ and the _________ ______. The gender roles represented in the game also changed dramatically. While the game had always been a ______ bastion on the _______, ______ played a prominent role in _______ _______ sections. Progressive fears about the feminization of America altered that relationship during this decade.

19. Schools took _________ ___________’s call for ___________ identity characterizing American nationality to heart. Schools with large ________ populations feared that they would be viewed as ______'s colleges. Some banned _______ from their campuses; others used strong football teams to proclaim their _________. Still others banned __________from participating in the cheering sections. In _____ the University of __________ established a separate section for _______ to _____ and ______, apart from the men's cheer section. AND - Football 1900-1909 (_________ __ _______)