1. 1 BACTERIA NOTES

2. 2 Bacteria are very small

3. 3 This is a pore in human skin and the yellow spheres are bacteria

4. 4 Bacteria are very small compar- ed to cells with nuclei

5. 5 Bacteria compared to a white blood cell that is going to eat it Bacteria

6. 6 Clean skin has about 20 million bacteria per square inch

7. 7 Evolution/Classification  Most numerous on Earth  Most Ancient  Microscopic Prokaryotes

8. 8 Kingdom Eubacteria  Can have one of three basic shapes 1.Bacilli – rod-shaped 2.Spirilla – spiral-shaped 3.Cocci – sphere-shaped Streptococci – in chains Staphylococci – grape-like clusters SHOW ME

9. 9 BACTERIA PICS

10. 10 Bacillus bacteria are rod or sausage shaped

11. 11 Coccus bacteria are sphere or ball shaped

12. 12 Spirillium bacteria have a corkscrew shape

13. 13 Diplo-bacteria occur in pairs, such as the diplococcus bacteria that causes gonorrhea

14. 14 Staphylo - bacteria occur in clumps, such as this staphylococcus bacteria that causes common infections of cuts

15. 15 Strepto- bacteria occur in chains of bacteria, such as this streptococcus bacteria that causes some types of sore throats

16. 16 Spirillium bacteria

17. 17 Diplobacillus bacteria

18. 18 Streptococcus bacteria

19. 19 Staphylococcus bacteria

20. 20 The tip of a needle The red and yellow dots are bacteria

21. 21 STRUCTURE OF BACTERIA StructureFunction Cell WallProtects and gives shape Outer Membrane Protects against antibodies (Gram Neg. Only) Cell Membrane Regulates movement of materials, contains enzymes important to cellular respiration CytoplasmContains DNA, ribosomes, essential compounds Chromo- some Carries genetic information PlasmidContains some genes obtained through recomb. Capsule & Slime Layer Protects the cell and assist in attaching cell to other surfaces EndosporeProtects cell agains harsh enviornments PilusAssists the cell in attaching to other surfaces FlagellumMoves the cell

22. 22 No Nucleus-DNA in Cytoplasm

23. 23 Nutrition and Growth  Heterotrophic or Autotrophic

24. 24 These heterotrophic bacteria digest oil -- remember oil is partially decayed plant and animal cells

25. 25 REPRODUCTION IN BACTERIA

26. 26 No Nucleus-DNA in Cytoplasm

27. 27 BACTERIA REPRODUCES BY FISSION First the chromosomal DNA makes a copy The DNA replicates

28. 28 NEXT THE CYTOPLASM AND CELL DIVIDES The two resulting cells are exactly the same

29. 29 Bacteria and Disease DiseasePathogenAreas affected Mode of transmission BotulismClostridium botulinumNervesImproperly preserved food CholeraVibrio choleraeIntestineContaminated water Dental CariesStreptococcus mutans, sanguis, salivarius TeethEnvironment to mouth GonorrheaNeisseria gonorrhoeaeUrethra, fallopian Sexual contact Lyme diseaseBerrelia burgdorferiSkin, jointsTick bite Rocky Mountain SF Rickettsia recketsiiBlood, skinTick bite Salmonella IntestineContaminated food, water Strep throatStreptococcus pyogenesURT, blood, skin Sneezes, coughs, etc. TetanusCostridium tetaniNervesContaminated wounds TuberculosisMycobacterium tuberculosisLung, bones coughs

30. 30 Some bacteria cause diseases -- Disease causing bacteria are called PATHOGENIC

31. 31 Helicobacter pylori is the pathogenic bacteria that can causes ulcers

32. 32 Leprosy is a bacterial infection that decreases blood flow to the extremities resulting in the deterioration of toes, ears, the nose and the fingers.

33. 33 BOTULISM

34. 34 CHOLERA

35. 35 DENTAL CARIES

36. 36 ROCKY MOUNTAIN SF

37. 37 LYME DISEASE

38. 38 SALMONELLA

39. 39 STREP THROAT

40. 40 TUBERCULOSIS