Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
Published byFelix Blankenship Modified over 8 years ago
1
BacteriaBacteriaBacteriaBacteria
2
Bacteria are very small…
3
This is a pore in human skin, the yellow dots are bacteria:
4
Bacterium This bacterium is much smaller than the white blood cell that is about to “eat” it:
5
Clean skin has about 20 million bacteria per square inch: So, are bacteria alive?
6
Structure of Bacteria – Be able to label.
7
Antibiotics: 1928 – Sir Alexander Fleming Discovered Penicillin from mold that contaminated his petri dish. Penicillin was the first antibiotic! Zone of Inhibition
8
Common Antibiotics AntibioticMechanismTarget bacteria PenicillinInhibits cell wall synthesisGram Positive AmpicillinInhibits cell wall synthesisBroad spectrum BacitracinInhibits cell wall synthesisGram Positive – Skin Ointment CephalosporinInhibits cell wall synthesisGram Positive TetracyclineInhibits Protein SynthesisBroad spectrum StreptomycinInhibits Protein SynthesisGram Neg. tuberculosis Sulfa drugInhibits cell metabolismBacterial meningitis, UTI RifampinInhibits RNA synthesisGram Pos., some Neg. QuinolinesInhibits DNA SynthesisUTI
9
Identifying Bacteria: 3 Basic Shapes Coccus (Cocci) - sphere Bacillus (Bacilli) – rod Spiral Prefixes: – Diplo – growing in pairs – Staphylo – growing in groups resembling grapes – Strepto – growing in chains
10
Cocci are sphere shaped:
11
Bacilli are rod shaped:
12
Spirillium bacteria are corkscrew shaped:
13
Diplo appear in pairs, such as diplococcus bacteria that cause gonorrhea:
14
Staphylo bacteria occur in clumps, such as Staph. Infections.
15
Strepto bacteria occur in chains, such as Strep. Throat:
16
Use the terms in combinations to describe bacteria: Streptococcal Staphylococcal
17
Can you name these bacteria? StreptobacilliDiplococci Spirilli StreptococciStaphylococci
18
Where can we catch these bacteria? Cell Phones!
19
Bacterial Reproduction: FissionReproduction
20
Bacterial Reproduction: ConjugationReproduction
21
Bacteria & Disease DiseasePathogenAreas affected Mode of transmission BotulismClostridium botulinumNervesImproperly preserved food CholeraVibrio choleraeIntestineContaminated water Dental CariesStreptococcus mutans, sanguis, salivarius TeethEnvironment to mouth GonorrheaNeisseria gonorrhoeaeUrethra, fallopian Sexual contact Lyme diseaseBerrelia burgdorferiSkin, jointsTick bite Rocky Mountain SF Rickettsia recketsiiBlood, skinTick bite Salmonella IntestineContaminated food, water Strep throatStreptococcus pyogenesURT, blood, skin Sneezes, coughs, etc. TetanusCostridium tetaniNervesContaminated wounds TuberculosisMycobacterium tuberculosisLung, bonescoughs
22
Spirillium: Lyme Disease
23
Helicobacter pylori can cause ulcers:
24
Leprosy is a bacterial infection that decreases blood flow to the extremities resulting in the deterioration of toes, ears, the nose and the fingers. Mycobacterium leprae
25
Botulism – Botox
26
Cholera: Vibrio cholerae – produces enterotoxin (toxin released in the intesting) The enterotoxin changes sodium movement in intestines and the person could lose up to 6 liters of water per day. Dehydration – leading to low blood pressure causes death
27
Salmonella
28
Strep Throat
29
Syphilis Famous Contributers: Henry VIII George Washington Edgar Allan Poe Vladimir Lenin Al Capone
30
Tetanus
31
Tuberculosis Evolutionary Arms Race Episode 1Episode 2 XDR-TB
32
NOT ALL BACTERIA ARE BAD!!!! BUT WAIT!
33
Beneficial Bacteria: Nitrogen Fixation Nitrogen fixing bacteria in soybean roots. Usually found on roots of legumes. We depend on these bacteria for nitrogen! We get our nitrogen (DNA/RNA) from eating plants.
34
Beneficial Bacteria: FOOD! Bifidobacteria are beneficial to the gastro-intestinal tract. They are also called probiotic bacteria. Streptococcus lactis and other lactic acid bacteria are used to make cheese. They ripen the cheese and provide characteristic flavour. Streptococcus thermophilus is one of the major yogurt- forming bacteria. The other is Lactobacillus bulgaricus
35
BeneficialBacteria: Environmental Clean-Up!! Pseudomonas putida
36
Bacteria video Homework: p. 516 #3,5,6,7,11,12,13,16,19,20
37
BUT HOW???
38
Evolution / Classification: Most ancient organisms Most numerous on Earth Microscopic, unicellular Prokaryotes Autotrophic & Heterotrophic Two Domains: – Archaebacteria & Eubacteria
39
Archaebacteria – 3 Types: Methanogens: live in Anaerobic environments– no O 2 Halophiles: live in high salt concentrations– Great Salt Lake, Dead Sea Thermophiles: live in acidic, hot waters – Hot springs, volcanic vents
40
Eubacteria – 3 Types Heterotrophs – obtain nutrients from others – may be parasites or saprophytes (decomposer). Photosynthetic autotroph – e.g. Cyanobacteria – contain chlorophyll and undergo photosynthesis. Chemosynthetic autotroph – chemosynthesis. They use inorganic compounds, such as nitrogen & sulfur to make food. e.g. Nitrogen fixation
Similar presentations
© 2024 SlidePlayer.com Inc.
All rights reserved.