1. Antebellum, Civil War, & Reconstruction

2. Is it true that the “Missouri Compromise” can be explained and summarized by stating that it maintained a balance of power between slave and free states? YES!

3. How can the “Missouri Compromise” (1820) be explained and summarized? By stating that it maintained a balance of power between slave and free states?

4. What was NOT an underlying cause of the Civil War? Representation in the House of Representatives

5. Which statement does NOT describe an advantage of the Union forces during the Civil War? A) The North had a “standing,” or established, army and navy. B) The North had heavy railroad tracks and more miles of track. C) The North had many more factories that could produce war materials. D) The North had home-field advantage because most battles were fought in their states.

6. What were the two major campaigns fought in Georgia during the Civil War? Atlanta and the March to the Sea (Savannah)

7. Which American document led to the freedom of over four million slaves in the United States? Emancipation Proclamation

8. Why did General William T. Sherman attack the civilian infrastructure between Atlanta and Savannah? To end civilian support for the war and to shorten the war.

9. Characteristics of the Antebellum South 1.Primarily agrarian. 2.Economic power shifted from the “upper South” to the “lower South.” 3.“Cotton Is King!” * 1860  5 mil. bales a yr. (57% of total US exports). 4.Very slow development of industrialization. 5.Rudimentary financial system. 6.Inadequate transportation system.

10. Southern Society (1850) “Slavocracy” [plantation owners] The “Plain Folk” [white yeoman farmers] 6,000,000 Black Freemen Black Slaves 3,200,000 250,000 Total US Population  23,000,000 [9,250,000 in the South = 40%]

11. Changes in Cotton Production 1820 1860

12. Slave Auction: Charleston, SC-1856

13. “The Supreme Court ruled that slave owners had to be reimbursed (repaid) for slaves who escaped on the underground railroad.” Does the statement below explain how the Dred Scott decision pushed the nation closer to war? It does not. The Supreme Court ruled that the federal government could not stop slavery in territories. The Supreme Court upheld the legal rights of the southern states and their institution of slavery. The Supreme Court ruled that slaves were property not citizens.

14. According to the terms of the Compromise of 1850, California was allowed to enter the Union as a free state with no slavery.

15. What was the purpose of the Fugitive Slave Law? As part of the 1850 Compromise, It required the return of runaway slaves to their owners.

16. It was the first time a candidate won the election with votes from only one section of country. What was unique about the presidential election of 1860?

17. Which Georgian held a position of leadership in the Confederate States of America? Vice-President Alexander Stephens

18. Was Representation In the U.S. House of Representatives an underlying cause of the Civil War?

19. What were some underlying causes of the Civil War? SectionalismSlavery

20. As a result of the Compromise of 1850, congress passed a law allowing fugitive slaves to be returned to their owners. Did this law benefit the North?

21. What were some ways in which the North benefitted from the Compromise of 1850? California joined the Union as a free state. Texas did not annex New Mexico as a slave territory. Slave trading was ended in the District of Columbia.

22. Which statement BEST summarizes the information on the graph? Cotton production increased as the slave population increased.

23. According to the table, which candidate received the smallest number of votes in Georgia? Abraham Lincoln

24. Which statement describes the South’s position on states’ rights? The interests of the individual states should take precedence over the national government.

25. In the Kansas-Nebraska Act, ________________________ was used to decide the slavery issue. Voting(popular sovereignty)

26. What was the “Georgia Platform” supported by Robert Toombs, Alexander Stephens and Howell Cobb? It was a statement supporting the Compromise of 1850. Click to read the full statement

27. Which event led to a special legislative session in Georgia to consider seceding from the Union? Lincoln's presidential election of 1860

28. Where were the two major campaigns fought in Georgia during the Civil War? Atlanta campaign and the Savannah campaign.

29. The “March to the Sea,” which devastated much of Georgia on a path from Atlanta to Savannah, was led by which Union commander? Gen. William T. Sherman

30. Which American document led to the freedom of over four million slaves in the United States? The Emancipation Proclamation Click here to read full version

31. Where was General Sherman’s final destination in his March to the Sea? Savannah Fort McAllister

32. After the Civil War, what happened to the commander of the Andersonville Prison? He was executed for allowing excessive cruelty at the Andersonville Prison.

33. Which one day Civil War battle was the bloodiest in U.S. History? Antietam

34. Overall, which Union tactic caused the most damage to the South’s economy during the Civil War? The Anaconda Plan which placed a blockade on all Southern ports.

35. Which Civil War battle was a Confederate victory in northwest GA, but was not followed up by the CSA’s commanding officer, Gen. Braxton Bragg? Battle of Chickamauga

36. Why did General William T. Sherman attack the civilian infrastructure between Atlanta and Savannah? To end civilian support for the war effort and shorten the war.

37. What did the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution do? It abolished slavery.

38. Why did the South absolutely have to keep its ports open and operational during the Civil War? It had to ship cotton to Great Britain and France in exchange for supplies and arms.

39. Which major battle resulted in the most casualties on both sides and is widely considered a major turning point of the Civil War? Gettysburg

40. What was the purpose of the blockade shown in the map? To cut off southern trade

41. Was a larger population a Confederate advantage in the war?

42. Which of the following were confederate advantages in the War Between the States? Defending their homeland? Greater number of factories? Larger population? More miles of railroad track?

43. What did the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution do? It gave all adult males, including blacks, fulnl citizenship rights.

44. Which statement BEST describes the purpose of the Freedmen’s Bureau during Reconstruction? To provide education, training, and social services for newly freed slaves

45. Would a supporter of President Lincoln's plans for Reconstruction have agreed with these statements? All southern plantations should be divided among former slaves. It is important that the South be punished economically and politically for starting the Civil War. All Confederate officers should be tried for war crimes. It is important that the North support policies that help the South recover as quickly as possible.

46. What did the Fifteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution do? It gave black males the right to vote.

47. Who most likely would have supported a plan for Reconstruction that included harsh demands on ex-Confederates in the South? The “Radical Republicans” in Congress Thaddeus Stevens-Leader of radical republicans

48. How can the difference between sharecropping and tenant farming be best described? Sharecroppers owned nothing but their labor. Tenant farmers owned farm animals and equipment to use in working other people’s lands.

49. The Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was passed in response to what? The practice of adopting laws known as Black Codes, which restricted the rights of freedmen.

50. Why did northern businessmen invest money to build Georgia’s textile industry after the Civil War? Georgia had plenty of cotton, abundant land and water, and inexpensive labor to supply and operate textile mills.

51. Which political party of the 1860s was associated with the political and military Reconstruction phases of Georgia’s readmission to the Union? Republican

52. Why were Henry McNeal Turner and the other black legislators were expelled from the Georgia house and senate after their elections in 1868? Because they had the right to vote but not the right to hold office.

53. What was the purpose of the Fugitive Slave Law? To return runaway slaves to their owners

54. Which Georgians held positions of leadership in the Confederate States of America? Robert Toombs Alexander Stephens

55. What was NOT an underlying cause of the Civil War? Representation in the House of Representatives

56. Which statement does NOT describe an advantage of the Union forces during the Civil War? A) The North had a “standing,” or established, army and navy. B) The North had heavy railroad tracks and more miles of track. C) The North had many more factories that could produce war materials. D) The North had home-field advantage because most battles were fought in their states.

57. What were the two major campaigns fought in Georgia during the Civil War? Atlanta and the March to the Sea (Savannah)

58. Which American document led to the freedom of over four million slaves in the United States? Emancipation Proclamation