1. Air Pollution in Israel
By Ari Rokeach

2. Types of Air Pollution Air pollution
is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or damages the natural environment, into the atmosphere
Primary-substances that are emitted directly into the atmosphere
Example-carbon monoxide from car exhaust, volcanic ash, or sulfur dioxide released from factories
Secondary-are formed out of primary pollutants reacting with the air.
Examples-large amount of coal burning from the smoke and sulfur dioxide reacting

3. Sources of Air Pollution
Anthropogenic Sources-human caused sources of air pollution
Stationary Sources
Power Plants, Factories, Waste Incinerators
Mobile Sources
Cars, aerosols, chemicals and fire used to manage agriculture
Natural Sources-smoke from wildfires, volcanic ash, methane from cows, and radon gas from radioactive decay
Examples include wildfires, volcanic Ash, Radon Gas

4. Global Air Pollution History
Excessive air pollution began during the industrial revolution and has become exponentially worse since the 1980s.
The cheapest source of Fuel was Coal
British Clean Air Act of 1956
Designated smoke levels
Relocation of Power Plants
British Clean Air Act of 1968
mandated use of tall chimneys
United States Air Pollution Control Act of 1955
Mirrored Standards of the British

5. Israel’s Air Pollution History
Most of the global air pollution today is due the massive amount of motor vehicles and big industry
“Concentration of population and industry in the coastal area, small land area, variety of natural assets, and singular geological, topographical and climatic features,” (Ministry of Foreign Affairs).
Heavily Polluted Areas
Haifa Bay
Tel Aviv
Jerusalem

6. Global And Local Methods to deal with Air Pollution
Global Methods
Land Use Planning- Specific Zoning codes in designated areas
primary regulations- requirements to reduce are parts and fuel regulations
Israel Methods
In 1994, a new government program was formulated to manage air resources preservation
Recently emphasis is shifting from ambient standards to emission standards
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated “concentration is focusing on the reduction of vehicular emissions; new efforts are being invested in controlling photochemical smog; steps are being taken to establish a nationwide monitoring network; and preparations for a comprehensive Clean Air Act designed to provide Israel with the statutory tools necessary to manage its air quality resources in the best manner possible, have been initiated”

7. Environmental and Economic Impacts of Air Pollution
Environmental Impacts
Greenhouse Effect- over concentration of Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
Increased temperature brings about many ecological changes, such as, acid rain, loss of bio diversity, increased disease, raised sea levels, more extreme weather events, and changes in agricultural yield.
Economic Impacts
Changes in agricultural yield cause countries who previously grew crops to lose their cash crop
Raised sea level will destroy coastal cities

8. Social and Political Impacts of Air Pollution
Social Impacts
2.4 million people die each year
Related diseases of Air Pollution include:
Heart and Lung Disease, respiratory allergies, asthma and emphysema
Recent studies in Los Angeles reveal that there are 3,800 premature deaths because of extreme air pollution
Political Impacts
The political implication of air pollution is the responsibility of politicians to enact policy that will reduce and prevent air pollution.
It is politicians responsibility to further regulate land use, zoning and fuel efficiency regulations

9. Solutions to Air Pollution
Possible Solutions
Input Control- Eliminate pollution before it occurs
Examples-population growth, improving energy efficiency, reducing waste and renewable energy
Output Control- sequestering pollutants after they enter the atmosphere
Examples-cleaning up an area that has been damaged by pollution.

10. Conclusion Recommended Solutions For Israel
Increase auto regulations and fuel emissions can potentially reduce air pollution
Alternate forms of transportation
Cleaner forms of public transportation
Carpooling
Top Down Rather than Bottom Up
Change must come from the government rather than the people
Governments to mandate change rather than waiting for public awareness to bring about change
Religious importance if the Environment
Psalm 24:1 says people are to be God’s partners in preserving the environment.