1. The Transfer of Heat

2. Thermal Energy = Heat Thermal Energy
Energy is the ability to make things move or change.
All matter (anything with mass that takes up space) is made up of tiny particles that are always moving.
Thermal energy is the energy of the moving particles. This energy is felt as heat.
Thermal Energy = Heat

3. Heat
Heat ALWAYS moves from a warmer object to a cooler one. This movement is called heat transfer.
As heat moves into an object, it becomes warmer. As heat moves out of an object, it becomes cooler.

4. Heat Transfer
When a freshly made cup of coffee is sitting on a counter, it will lose heat because the air around it is cooler than the coffee.
When an ice cube is sitting on a table, the warmth in the air will transfer into the ice cube, melting it.

5. Heat Transfer
There are 3 ways that heat can transfer to other objects. These methods of transfer are called conduction, radiation, and convection.

6. Conduction
Conduction is the transfer of heat between things that are touching.
When two things that are touching have different temperatures, heat will move from the warmer object to the cooler one.
Examples:
Hands are warmed when holding a hot mug of cocoa
A hot stove burner warms a pot sitting on it.
Can you think of some other examples?

7. Conductors
Conductors are objects that allow heat to move through them easily.
Metals are good conductors because they allow heat to move through them easily. Examples of metals include iron, silver, copper, aluminum, and stainless steel.
For example, if you were at a campfire and you put a stick in the fire, your hand would not burn. Wood is not a good conductor. If you left a metal spoon in a hot pot on the stove and held the spoon, your hand would burn.

8. Click the picture below for a convection demonstration.
Convection is the transfer of thermal energy through liquids or gases.
Warmer air and water rises and cooler air and water sinks. This creates a convection current.
Click the picture below for a convection demonstration.

9. Radiation
Radiation is the transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves.
Radiation from the sun heats objects on Earth. Heat travels from fire to objects through radiation as well.

10. Thermal Energy Review