1. Zhou Dynasty .  SSWH2 The student will identify the major achievements of Chinese and Indian societies from 1100 BCE to 500 CE.   c. Describe the development of Chinese civilization under the Zhou and Qin.

3. POLITICS   Regional feudal states   Ruled as coordinators rather than as a central govt.   military force determined strength of rulers   Conflict led to decline into the "Period of the Warring States" (403-221 B.C.).   Introduced Mandate of Heaven 1076-221 BC (pronounced Jo) Zhou (Chou) Dynasty 1076-221 BC (pronounced Jo)

4. Mandate of Heaven  Principles:  right to rule is granted by Heaven.  only one Heaven = only one ruler in China.  right to rule depends on the virtue of the ruler.  Advantages:  Ruler = supreme power politically and religiously  power kept in check by virtue.  The Mandate of Heaven = Rebellion okay if successful

5. { The Dynastic Cycle A new dynasty comes to power. Lives of common people improved; taxes reduced; farming encouraged. Problems begin (extensive wars, invasions, etc.) Taxes increase; men forced to work for army. Farming neglected. Govt. increases spending; corruption. Droughts, floods, famines occur. Poor lose respect for govt. They join rebels & attack landlords. Rebel bands find strong leader who unites them. Attack the emperor. Emperor is defeated !! The emperor reforms the govt. & makes it more efficient. Start here 

7. Civil Service Examination   Confucian Philosophy = state ruled by ability and virtue.   Was an attempt to recruit men on the basis of merit NOT family/ political connection.   success in the examination system was the basis of social status (high stakes testing)   Success = Education

8. Civil Service Examination   Education = the key, highly regarded.   provincial examination =   entire family was raised in status to scholar gentry   Received prestige and privilege.   The texts = Confucian classics.

9. Economy   Iron age   stronger and cheaper than bronze   Strengthened Zhou army   catapult   creation of China’s first cavalry   90% of peasants lived on farms in family compounds   new iron tools increased harvest, food surpluses

10.   Silk = most important product   Roads, canals allowed better transportation, communication   Introduced   Coins   use of chopsticks   Population grew under Zhou   Cities grew in size Economy

11. Philosophy (Religion)  “the Warring States period”=  Zhou leaders lost control  states fought each other  100 Schools Movement tried to bring stability to China  Confucianism, Taoism, and Legalism  philosophies of life and govt from this era

12. Basic beliefs   Dualism – everything relates to everything else and works best when in balance (Yin/Yang)   Harmony, cooperation = submission to the larger group   Individuality is secondary   Heaven controls life on Earth   life passes from parent to child.   Life from parents = child should worship/revere parents.

13. Society 1. 1. Emperor 2. 2. Regional rulers 3. 3. Farmers 4. 4. Slaves BUT, Confucian ideals changed this near the end of the Zhou

15. Art   Bronze work   Tombs decorated for wealthy Hawk-shaped gold hat ornament (8th - 3rd century B.C.) ‏